Work and economy across the world between the 1860s and 1941 was coupled with significant changes. Most of the variations in both components pertained to: Race, gender, class, foreign policy, region and legislation. Also, a great majority of the practices which are observed currently emerged during the aforementioned duration, as the world sought to advance in all sectors. It would be logical to state that work and economy in the past succeeded in changing most practices in all the major sectors of the world economy.
One of the most common occurrences between 1865 till 1941 is slavery. In 1865, introduction of the 13 th amendment to the constitution in the U.S managed to abolish slavery, although this did not put an end to the vile act ( Stanfield II, 2016 ). Individuals from minority races such as black people were enslaved and made to work in large farms for little pay. Besides, prisoners especially those in the United States were sentenced to hard labor or leased out to work in coal mines, and farms owned by Caucasian individuals. Up to 200000 people in states such as Alabama were subjected to slavery ( Stanfield II, 2016 ).
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It was considered a crime for someone to be unable to offer credible evidence to prove that they were working at any given time. Besides, gender defined responsibilities were persistent during the entire duration. Women were made to cater for household duties, with the men taking up a more crucial role of working in industries and partaking in trade. The black, Asian and Latin race were viewed as the minority individuals with the white people appearing to be more superior; with grander work duties being offered to them.
Also during the same duration, it was post industrial revolution; implying that the focus of the economy had shifted from the Agricultural to the manufacturing processes. As a result, most individuals worked in factories and industries. The U.S for example, developed to become the most industrialized country between 1865 and 1913 ( Pons & Smith, 2017 ). Also, the social status of people determined the work duties conferred to them.
Additionally, despite the fact that foreign policy was a guarded concept during the duration, international relations gained widespread acceptance. As a result, work practices were unified in many countries across the world. Besides, when the McKinley tariff was passed in 1897, there was rapid economic growth which prevailed beyond the 19 th century ( Pons & Smith, 2017 ). Also, work practices varied depending on various regions. In the U.S for instance, the 19 th amendment managed to confer voting rights to women in 1920 ( Pons & Smith, 2017 ). At the same time, women were beginning to become accepted into more professional roles. Finally, the most important feature of work and economy between 1865 and 1941, is the transition from gender defined roles whereby women got to be work in professions that were previously a reserve for men.
References
Pons, S., & Smith, S. A. (Eds.). (2017). The Cambridge History of Communism: Volume 1, World Revolution and Socialism in One Country 1917–1941 . Cambridge University Press.
Stanfield II, J. H. (2016). Historical Foundations of Black Reflective Sociology . Routledge.
