Question 1.
The NMIS gives foundations that ensure all agencies work together in response to emergencies. Planning for any possibility of an outcome in the crash and having adequate resources to finish the operation would have improved the situation. Additionally, having one incident commander who would oversee the operation would have improved the communications about the process.
Question2.
In the movie, A Thousand Heroes, the participants integrated the NIMS elements very well, even though it was 20 years away at that time. On command element, the participants chose a unified command system since the operation included different operational groups. Such lead to various commanders taking over the lead of this rescue groups and guided the operation. Logistics is another elements of NIMS which key role is providing services and material support to the responders of the incidents. In Sioux City, logistics elements came along because many ambulances were coming to carry the crash survivors from the airport to the nearby hospitals (IS-0100.c, SM115-116). Moreover, water supplier was made easier as one could see fire-fighters water tanks making their way into to the airport. Additional water was also supplied when the fire brigade ran out of it. Finance and administration is responsible for negotiation, recording personnel, documenting and processing claims for accidents and injuries. Although this aspects does not come up clearly in Sioux City, when inquiry were made about survivors, one could see them being directed to that airline which means this was the unit that was handling finance and administration.
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Operation and planning were the major emphasis of the movie. Operation and planning primary function is to developing and implementing strategies for incident management. Sioux City, brought together a team of different professionals including nurses, doctors, firefighter and guards among others in preparation for the incident. A well-defined action plan was made on which resources required; water tanks, blood banks, ambulances and incidents personnel were briefed on how they will handle the situation. On operation, one could see how coordinated the situation was. Movement of resources was very first and when additional resources were required, provision was very swift. With such coordinated planning and use of resources, the rescue teams could control the situation that led to 185 survivors.
Question 3.
One element that complicated the emergency response was communication between the Sioux City controller and Captain Haynes. The controller tells the captain that he could land in any runaway, but runaway 22 was closed (42:00-44:00). In his response, the captain in a jokey manner, tells the controller to be specific about which runaway he wanted him to land. Such a joke was to lets them know that he had regained the control of the aircraft which the eases the tension and relaxes everyone. After the captain decides to land on runway 22, the situation seems to complicate since they had first to clear that runaway of any truck. Afterward, the controller assured the pilot that he could land, and the pilot agrees, showing that everything is under control. A few minutes before touching the ground, the aircraft tips to the right, leaving it spiraling in a fireball on the runway, which leaves everyone under shock and delays their response. The magnitude of landing and fatality the incidence was not anticipated (IS-0100.c, pg. SM-71), which complicates the operation. Additionally, firefighters, at some point, ran out of the water, which delays the process as there awaited for backup.
Question 4.
The rescue teams at Sioux City should have been more prepared for the severity of the incidence and have more resources on the ground. The incidence commander had to request more water supply and a medical team to assist in the situation. Communication was supposed to be clear to all agencies involved. One could tell the Red Cross was not involved seeing one of their senior officials was arriving late, and even the incidence commander could not recognize him(IS-0700.b, pg. SM-14). Such gives why first aid was not very efficient on the spot, leading to the operator's request for an additional medical team. Moreover, the hospital doctor was not aware of the incident until when casualties started coming to the hospital that he was alerted to come. Even at the hospital level, the doctor could not recognize the captains, which still called for the improvement of communication in operation.
