Q 1. Compare and contrast the blood groups and blood types. Please be sure to provide the answers
There are two primary blood group systems, which consist of ABO antigens and Rhesus antigens. However, antigens contained in the blood groups are used to classify blood types.
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Blood types, on the other hand, are eight in the ABO/RhD blood group system, namely; blood types A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, and O-.
The ABO blood group has four major systems, which are A, B, AB, and O. These blood groups are determined by a pair of genes, inherited from each parent. Blood groups are identified by their antigens found in the red blood cell. However, blood types are determined by the genes, which determine individuals ABO blood type; thus, blood is either positive or negative.
Q 2. Create five discussion questions with the answers stem cell transplants from bone marrow and cord blood.
What is a bone marrow transplant? Treatment for individuals living with leukemia and lymphoma, among other diseases is known as a bone marrow transplant. During treatment, a patient undergoes radiation and chemotherapy. A person with a similar blood type has to donor blood for the patient during treatment.
What are blood-forming cells? Several types of cells in a person’s body that can develop into other types are referred to as blood-forming cells. The developed cells then change into red blood cells transporting oxygen to all parts of the body. Some are converted into white blood cells to help in fighting infections.
Where can blood-forming cells used in a transplant be found? Several blood-forming cells are produced by the bone marrow. Also, the peripheral found in the bloodstream produces blood-forming cells. Bone marrow contains a few blood-forming cells; therefore, a donor is injected to enable movement of blood-forming cells from the bone marrow to the bloodstream.
How is cord blood used in a transplant? During the cord blood transplant, healthy cells are produced; thus, replacing the dead cells of patients with leukemia, or lymphoma.
Can a cord blood transplant have an option? During the cord blood transplant, both the patient and doctor have to decide on the best blood-forming cells for the patient. Therefore, a cord blood transplant has options.
Q 3. Create ten matching questions with the answers using at least five different white blood cells.
What condition causes an increase in white blood cells? Dead bone marrows increase the production of white blood cells. The increase of white blood cells assists the body in fighting infections.
What causes white blood cells to stick together? When an individual’s immune system is attacked, the red blood cells are destroyed due to agglutination forcing the white blood cells to stick together.
Name one cause of abnormal of a white blood cell . Leukocytosis is the primary disorder caused by an increase in white blood cells. It occurs when antibodies attack and destroy neutrophils of a patient.
Give one characteristic of white blood cells . The white blood cell has a nucleus and can defend the body from infections. However, it lacks hemoglobin.
What are the diseases associated with the white blood cells? Cancer of the bone marrow such as leukemia is a disorder that increases the production of the white blood cells.
List the common signs of leukemia . A patient with leukemia will have the following symptoms; fever, weakness, loss of weight, tiny red spots, and easy bleeding.
What is the function of Monocytes? During the period when the body is fighting bacteria, monocytes are used because they have a longer lifespan than other white blood cells.
What is the function of lymphocytes? When a patient is suffering an attack from bacterial and viral infections, lymphocyte produces antibodies that fight against such attacks.
What is the function of Basophils? A basophil is a type of white blood cell that helps in preventing a fast blood clot since it contains anticoagulant heparin.
What is the role of Eosinophil in the body? Eosinophils, which are formed in the bone marrow, helps the body to fight against parasites and harmful bacteria.
What is the primary role of Neutrophils? Neutrophils are significant to the body because they circulate in the bloodstream, thereby identifying any infection, which might have attacked the body.
Q 4. Create five fill in the blank questions with the answers about hemostasis
Hemostasis a process by which _ stops during an injury. (bleeding)
The three processes involved in hemostasis is _. (vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation)
The body organ responsible for coagulation is known as _. (liver)
The clot retraction occurs within _ hours. (20 minutes to 1 hour).
_ is the organ responsible for eliminating platelets. (spleen)
Q 5. Create ten multiple-choice questions with the answers about red blood cells. You must provide four answer choices (A-D) without using all of the above and none of the above.
What causes the red blood cell to change shape? (Sickle cell)
Sickle cell
Oxygen
Protein
Hemoglobin
Why are red blood cells, not true cell? (because it contains no nucleus)
Because it carries carbon dioxide to the lungs
Because it contains no nucleus
Because it fights bacteria
Because it stops bleeding
What is the structure of the red blood cell? (flexible disc)
Oval
Pyramid
Flexible disc
Circle
Why do red cells lack a nucleus? (because of its function)
Because of its function
Because of its shape
Because it prevents blood clot
Because it protects the body
Why do red blood cells need ATP? (because ATP stimulates biological reaction)
To produce lactic acid
Because ATP stimulates biological reactions
Because ATP protects the liver
To fight infections
Why red blood are cells Anucleate in human? (because it lacks mitochondria)
Because human red blood cells undergo mitosis
Because it contains hemoglobin
Because it contains oxygen
Because it lacks mitochondria
How can you decrease red blood cell count? (by doing exercise to improve lung and heart function)
Through eating more red meat
Through protein supplements
By doing exercise to improve lung and heart function
By drinking alcohol
Where are red blood cells broken down? ( spleen and liver)
Colon
Stomach
Spleen and liver
Lungs
What is the lifespan of red blood cells? (120 days)
30 days
14 days
120 days
100 days
What kills red blood cells? ( Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia)
Bilharzia
Malaria
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Typhoid
Q 5. Create five true or false questions with the answers about platelets. Please be sure to correct your false answer by explaining why it is false .
Is it true that platelets have giant platelets? ( True)
That is because in particular disorders such as thrombocytopenic purpura contain large platelets
Is it true or false that large platelets have a specific treatment? (false)
There is no specific medical management for giant platelets because some instances such as bleeding episodes might need a platelet transfusion
Is it true or false that platelet count below 5,000 dangerous? (true)
Low platelet count is dangerous because it will result in bleeding. Moreover, it will result in thrombocytopenia. A normal platelet count should be 20,000 platelets per microliter
Is it true or false that thrombocytopenia can be inherited? (true)
Thrombocytopenia can either be genetically inherited or caused by particular conditions.
Is it true or false that inadequate vitamin D increase platelet count? (true)
Increased platelet volume is associated with vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, high platelet volume increases the chances of developing cardiovascular diseases
