Three of the lab tests from Ms. Ho’s are slightly abnormal. The Hemoglobin 11.8 g/100ml is lower than the normal range of 14-18 g/100ml. 24-hr urine calcium 382 mg/day is a high release of calcium indicating a possible kidney, liver, or bone health problems (“Thyroid Function Tests.”). Finally, and most significantly, her bone density scan T-score -3.5 is abnormal, indicating she has a low bone density.
Depending on the lab results, there are several health problems that Ms. Ho might be presenting. One is a kidney problem such as hypercalcemia due to the overworking of her kidney as seen in the urine calcium levels (Black, Berg & Urquhart, 2013). However, the same issue is presentable to patients with low bone density as the body loses more calcium per day than expected. The primary diagnosis for Ms. Ho’s condition is thus low bone density, and a further prognosis is that she might have osteoporosis as a risk factor. The results from the lab show that other than having a high calcium capacity in her urine, Ms. Ho suffers from a very low bone density, thus ruling out the initial prognosis of a kidney problem. Again, the case study indicates that the lady had recently broken her wrists, yet she has been an active person in body physical exercises.
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One of the productive plans to maintain Ms. Ho’s bone density is reviving her physical exercise program because it is essential to her health. Additionally, the plan should include a cessation to her smoking habit because it is a risk factor to low bone density. Most importantly, Ms. Ho should get supplements rich in calcium and vitamin D. Upon further diagnosis, Ms. Ho needs to start taking an osteoporosis dosage to prevent adverse effects later on in her life (US, D, 2014). The normal range for blood calcium is 8.5-10 mg/dl, while that of vitamin D is 20-50 ng/ml. Vitamin D is essential to the absorption and uptake of calcium by the body, a vital mineral in the strength of bones.
References
US, D. (2014). Bone health and osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General. http://www. surgeongeneral. gov/library/bonehealth/content. html .
Black, C. E., Berg, R. L., & Urquhart, A. C. (2013). 24-hour urinary calcium in primary hyperparathyroidism. Clinical medicine & research , 11 (4), 219-225.
“ Thyroid Function Tests.” EndocrineWeb , https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid/thyroid-function-tests.
