Human beings experience many diseases and disorders that affect the mind. Some of these diseases are unnoticeable; others could be mild while others are severely affecting the way people relate with others and how they perceive things in the environment. The mental disorders may have the same symptoms, but others have unique signs that could help tell what metal disorder an individual could be suffering from and therefore enabling doctors to administer treatment. This paper is focusing on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Schizophrenia. It is also essential to capture the differences as well as the similarity between the two mental disorders and their impact on human life.
Borderline Personality Disorder is a mental health disorder that develops during the adolescence age or even early adulthood, causing the instability of the emotions. The sign and symptoms of the disease include unstable relationships, distorted self-imaging, as well as impulsive behaviors (Lieb et al., 2004). The American Psychiatric Association manages to identify three primary cause of BPD, and it includes genetic factors, serotonin abnormality, and environmental factors. Personality traits in Borderline Personality Disorder that one can inherit genetically include impulsivity and aggression.
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The imbalance in serotonin hormone responsible in regulating mood can lead to the development of BPD while the neglected environment may enable the development of factors that influence to BPD. There are several medical treatment methods available for Borderline Personality Disorder individuals. In most cases, doctors use antidepressants medication as well as mood regulation medication in the treatment of BPD (Clarkin, Levy, Lenzenweger, & Kernberg, 2007). The use of psychotherapy and medical treatment is also increasing because medical treatment alone is not sufficient, but with the combination of psychotherapy, it becomes more effective meaning that combination of medical and psychotherapy gives a better treatment of the disorder.
Schizophrenia is another mental disorder that influences the ability of the person to perceive reality and may force an individual to hear voices or see images that do not exist. Generally, the disorder affects the thoughts and behaviors, cause social problems, and even auditory hallucination to the patient (Lisman, 2012). Schizophrenia has positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms in most cases are visible, for instance, hallucination, delusion, and even disorganized behavior and speech. Negative symptoms are invisible symptoms like little or no motivation and lack of speech (Lisman, 2012). To diagnose Schizophrenia, doctors have to collect comprehensive mental health and family information of the individual.
The treatment of Schizophrenia involves the use of medicine as well as psychotherapy. Antipsychotic drugs usually help reduce the magnitude of the psychotic effect, and doctors typically combine it with other medications like Olanzapine, Risperidone, and Aripiprazole (Conley & Mahmoud, 2001). During the treatment process, it is also essential to incorporate psychological interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy because it plays a significant role in ensuring that the patient does not default the medication, especially when having side effects.
The similarity between BPD and Schizophrenia is that, to some extent, they share some of the symptoms. A research study shows that patients who are suffering from BPD and Schizophrenia experiences hearing voices which could not be real. The study also reveals that patients have suffered from both mental disorders experiences auditory hallucination. The differences about the two mental illnesses are that patients who experience paranoid delusion are less on BPD with one-third of the patients in comparison to Schizophrenia, where two-thirds of the patients experience paranoid delusions. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Schizophrenia also have different diagnosis even though the two disorders can co-exist. Schizophrenia has an impact on the behavior as well as emotional dysfunctions, while Borderline Personality Disorder influences interpersonal relationships and instability.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Schizophrenia are common mental disorders that affect the mental health of the people. The two mental illnesses affect the regular operation of the mind leading to hallucination or perceiving images or voices that do not exist. Both genetic and environmental factors are responsible for causing mental disorders. Medical as well as psychotherapy treatment can help in the treatment of both BPD and Schizophrenia, but combining the two methods gives the best results.
References
Clarkin, J. F., Levy, K. N., Lenzenweger, M. F., & Kernberg, O. F. (2007). Evaluating three treatments for borderline personality disorder: A multiwave study. American journal of psychiatry, 164(6) , 922-928.
Conley, R. R., & Mahmoud, R. (2001). A randomized double-blind study of risperidone and olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(5) , 765-774.
Lieb, K., Zanarini, M. C., Schmahl, C., Linehan, M. M., & Bohus, M. (2004). Borderline personality disorder. The Lancet, 364(9432) , 453-461.
Lisman, J. (2012). Excitation, inhibition, local oscillations, or large-scale loops: what causes the symptoms of schizophrenia? Current opinion in neurobiology, 22(3) , 537-544.
