Childhood Developmental Psychology

Marcy, by pouring feed on her puppy’s head and placing him in a bathroom drawer, exhibits one of the last stages of the sensorimotor development. In this stage babies enjoy not only doing pleasurable activities but also trying out new things. This stage is referred to as coordinating secondary schemes, whereby the toddler exhibits their ability to execute events on the basis of what they know to reach a particular goal. In this example, for instance, Marcy pours food on a puppy she has been feeding all the time to examine the outcome. This stage acts as a test stage for the knowledge a toddler has. 

Every human being has two main categories of memory that is, short-term memory and long-term memory. The long-term memory is said to have two divisions’ namely explicit and implicit memory, otherwise known as declarative and procedural memories respectively. Explicit memory is the recollection of events and facts or memories that can be consciously and easily declared or recalled while implicit memory is the recollection of knowhow or the knowledge and skills, for instance, how to play piano or how to ride a bicycle. Explicit memory first appears when one encounters a new occurrence or event in life or if one hears a fact. 

Telegraphic speech is a type of speech that is characterized by two or three words short phrase by young children in their year two. An example is “dad, mum here” to mean, dad, mum is here. Hence it is characterized by the omission of words but mostly follows the noun and verb grammatical order. On the other hand, child-directed speech is the speech described by exaggerated high-pitch words and facial expressions as well as involving body signs. The three forms of child-directed speech are; linguistic modification whereby the adult-directed speech is modified to create child-directed speech, modified provision of visual cues to capture the attention of the child and modified interaction between the infants and parents which promotes language development.