Problem-solving is defined as the act of giving a problem its definition, examining it to know its cause, identifying it, making the necessary priorities determining a set of solutions that can be applied to solve the problems, and eventually putting these solutions to work. This question answers three significant questions. First, the paper describes in detail the under-laying procedures of the process of problem-solving consultation. Secondly, the paper analyzes the problem-solving consultation at the different points in a multi-tiered support system. Lastly, this paper defines the significance of treatment integrity and methods to assess and support consultation and intervention integrity.
The first step of problem-solving is defining the problem. This step involves diagnosing the situation. The importance of diagnosing the problem is that it narrows down a person's focus on the problem and not only on its symptoms. One of the beneficial techniques that can help one define the problem is creating a flowchart to help identify the various steps necessary to the problem-solving process. Another valuable technique to the same effect is the preparation of a cause and effect diagram that defines the source or origin of the problem at hand. Besides, it is vital to support the involvement of interested groups, the assimilation of facts, cross-checking the expectations to see if they match the real-life scenario. In doing this, it is wise to review and document how the ongoing processes are working. This determines the tasks of every individual, the kind of information they use to make their decisions, the tools that they use, and the different communications made within and with other organizations. Also, it is crucial to evaluate the possible effect that can be caused by the use of new tools and policies to develop a model of how things should run.
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The second sequential step of problem-solving consultation is the generation of alternative solutions. It is advisable to postpone the selection of one remedy to the problem until there is a series of alternatives to choose from. When one considers examining many solutions, it is possible to enhance the most appropriate remedy's value significantly. The model shows how things should run forms the standard and basis that guides them to come up with alternative solutions and determine their workability. Numerous alternative remedies must be generated before the final evaluation.
The third sequential step of problem-solving consultation is the evaluation and selection of the best alternative. The best solution providers use a lot of considerations when choosing the best options. The consideration made includes the extent to which a particular alternative can overshadow and eliminate the problem quickly without further ramifications. Another consideration that should be made is the level at which the group of people involved would perceive the solution laid to them as their perception determines whether they would accept it. Also, the extent to which the alternative's implementation is likely and whether or not the alternative fits within the organization's constraints are vital aspects to consider.
The final sequential step of problem-solving consultation is the implementation and follow-up on the remedy provided. The solution providers offer the necessary training to the rest of the team members to implement the solution. They carry on the remedy implementation with the help of other people. It is vital to involve other people in implementing the solution as it helps to reduce resistance by other members, making it easy to convince them. Despite the overall result of the solution's implementation, it is essential to enact a feedback mechanism that allows consistent monitoring of the actual situation after the remedy against the expected results.
Multi-Tier Systems of Support are sets of proof-established practices that are played across a particular system to meet the learners' needs. The framework of the Multi-Tier System of support covers a wide scope in comparison with Response to Intervention. MTSS develops a paradigm of delivering support services that target leadership, growth in different expertise, and encouraging a culture in the context of assessment, curriculum and regulations. There are three main tiers of support in any system whereby trainees receive the set of instructions that are aimed at assisting them in their journey to success. It is essential to be able to determine the suitable solutions for every trainee to bid this system a success. The Multi-Tier System of Support makes proper use of the information supported process of making decisions. The Multi-Tier System of Support process of coming up with the appropriate solution is made up of four main steps that are almost similar to those involved in the problem-solving consultation process. These steps are also sequential. They include defining the problem, making an analysis of it using the necessary data, implementing a plan to intervene and eject the problem, and evaluating the intervention plan's effectiveness.
Treatment integrity is the level to which a solution is applied as planned or formally designed. Treatment integrity plays a vital role in research literature because it is used to prove whether the treatment under scrutiny was implemented correctly ( Gorski, 2018 ). Failure to determine the level of implementation of an experimental treatment gives room for threats that can affect the results' validity. This makes it extremely difficult to arrive at accurate findings on the efficiency of the treatment. The main objective of conducting a study is to determine whether disparities in the dependent variable are a result of disparities in the independent variable ( Gorski, 2018 ). The kind of effect that the intervention has on the results is only determined when researchers prove and show that the intervention was implemented in the formally desired manner and that no alterations were made.
Treatment integrity is considered to be a multidirectional construct. Research has found that many complex characteristics are associated with treatment integrity, including the traits related to the implementation of the intervention, how the participants respond to the intervention, and how the participant uses the acquired skills in a natural environment ( Gorski, 2018 ). When it comes to the implementation of the intervention, the determination of the treatment integrity is based on the idea that it can be delineated to a sequence of procedures or actions that are deemed to be of great importance to the intervention as opposed to other actions that are extraneous but do not interfere with the intervention.
The extremely vital actions can be organized sequentially, paving the way to align with the quantifiable values. Practitioners would be unable to decide whether the student's success can be traced back to the technique used if treatment integrity is not guaranteed. More importantly, if a student does not improve due to a statistically-based intervention, it is vital to determine if the intervention, which has been seen to be successful for other students with comparable needs, was carried out with adequate consistency. Failure to verify the treatment's fidelity may contribute to the incorrect presumption that the student's academic problems are caused by a disabling disorder, such as a specific learning impairment.
References
Gorski, D. (2018). Treatment integrity: Ensuring the I in RtI . RTI Action Network. https://www.rtinetwork.org/getstarted/evaluate/treatment-integrity-ensuring-the-i-in-rti
Understanding the MTSS problem-solving process: What you need to know . (2018, November 10). Lexia Learning. https://www.lexialearning.com/blog/understanding-mtss-problem-solving-process-what-you-need-know
What is problem-solving consultation? (2019) Excellence Through Quality | ASQ. https://asq.org/quality-resources/problem-solving#Process
