Different approaches to psychotherapy are informed by varying perspectives and views through which people view life. New approaches are anchored on a set of beliefs that informs the perspective through which one approaches a patient or set of issues affecting the patient. Contemporary approaches are quite distinct from the long-held conventional approaches. Although contemporary approaches meet a certain threshold of results but may not necessarily be as widely researched as the conventional means. Nonetheless, they have been tried and determined to work. The contemporary approaches are complementary in nature and are only used together or in addition to the conventional methods (van der Meer & Wunderink, 2018) . There are several widely held perspectives in the modern treatment approaches to psychotherapy. These methods use and suitability varies depending on a range of factors as is elaborated in this paper.
A critical modern approach is the deinstitutionalization of mental health and rehabilitation centers. Over the years, the mental patients were held within mental health centers which were isolated from society both geographically and functionally. This method was deemed fit as a number of the patients exhibited unruly behavior and the mental health institutions besides being recovery centers served as holding centers for the patients. Over time, however, this isolation from society made it difficult for patients to rejoin society and reintegrate effectively. Stigma was high and an alternative approach to treatment was invented. This involves having rehabilitation centers that are basically like a home. The amenities, as well as patient visitor flow, are not highly regulated. This ensures the patient enjoys a homely stay as much as is possible. The institutions are equipped with basic home amenities with patients having access to entertainment, news and every current happening in society.
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The grounding philosophy for deinstitutionalization is the belief that all persons, even those with disabilities, should participate in society to the best of their abilities. This approach is effective for persons in society who hold high positions of influence. It eases their continuity of roles in society and prevents the possibility of rebound psychological conditions that are easily associated with stigma and isolation that was common in the previous set up. Teens and young persons who are not violent will draw maximum benefit from this approach. It ensures they have access to their fellow teenagers even as they undergo treatment. Persons with brief episodes of psychosis, as opposed to chronic psychosis, also gain a lot from a deinstitutionalized approach to care.
The involvement of all concerned parties is critical in ensuring rapid patient recovery. This is attained through the active recovery triad approach. Conventionally, patients were left at the mercy of caregivers who were trained professionals. The caregivers were expected in their understanding to handle their patients and hopefully deliver them back to society while in the best state. This approach, however, had its shortcomings and recently, there is the need to involve not only the health worker and patient but also the patient’s relatives as well as friends. This ensures the creation of a long term approach to the care of the patient where the parents or siblings can offer care even while at home (Bitter, Roeg, van Assen, van Nieuwenhuizen & van Weeghel, 2017) . This approach is appropriate to adult as well as young patients who have families and people that can take care of them. Chronic conditions such as depression are best managed through this approach. The approach can ensure the patient recovers both physical and mental as well as societal functions.
Lifestyle interventions are a necessary and modern approach to treatment. This is informed by the prevalence of comorbidities among psychological patients. A number of mental health patients are known to be obese. This is at certain times secondary to isolation, which leaves them as excessive consumers of television which results in a sedentary lifestyle. A number equally may be lacking active employment. These elements coupled with the junk food market results in a number being overweight. To manage these lifestyle interventions such as jogging come in handy. They not only deliver the patient a healthy body but some have been known to have better more elevated self-esteem (Bruins et al., 2014) . The esteem contributes to a positive image and improved mental health. This approach is suitable for all persons who are overweight and have mental illnesses.
Unemployment and discrimination at the workplace is a common challenge for a number of mentally challenged persons. To get better treatment outcomes it is necessary to have a system that not only seeks to help the patients in their recovery but ensures they have an active mainstream job (Cook et al., 2011) . This then involves treating the patient while assessing and training them for suitable daily occupation. This approach best suits persons that are of employable age and are known to have dependents. Failure to actively address this need results in improvements that are probably hampered by other factors and stresses that result from unemployment.
E mental health intervention is rapidly on the rise. The awareness and acceptance of the fact that the internet is a global phenomenon is a key driver of this new change. Several addiction journeys have been conquered through internet-based approaches to care. While this approach can easily swing to the wrong angle of self-medication, it is an approach that can be incorporated in the care of busy patients (Berry, Bucci & Lobban, 2017) . Hence, fostering optimal health.
Neither of the contemporary approaches is a stand-alone. The caregiver ought to keenly consider all options available and which best suits the patient at a given time to ensure maximum and holistic value addition to the patient (Denman, 2011) . Therefore, the new approach ensures that professionals corporate to ensure delivery of optimal care.
References
Berry, N., Bucci, S., & Lobban, F. (2017). Use of the Internet and Mobile Phones for Self-Management of Severe Mental Health Problems: Qualitative Study of Staff Views. JMIR Mental Health , 4 (4), e52. doi: 10.2196/mental.8311
Bitter, N., Roeg, D., van Assen, M., van Nieuwenhuizen, C., & van Weeghel, J. (2017). How effective is the comprehensive approach to rehabilitation (CARe) methodology? A cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry , 17 (1). doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1565-y
Bruins, J., Jörg, F., Bruggeman, R., Slooff, C., Corpeleijn, E., & Pijnenborg, M. (2014). The Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on (Long-Term) Weight Management, Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in People with Psychotic Disorders: A Meta-Analysis. Plos ONE , 9 (12), e112276. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112276
Cook, J., Copeland, M., Jonikas, J., Hamilton, M., Razzano, L., & Grey, D. et al. (2011). Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Mental Illness Self-Management Using Wellness Recovery Action Planning. Schizophrenia Bulletin , 38 (4), 881-891. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbr012
Denman, C. (2011). The place of psychotherapy in modern psychiatric practice. Advances In Psychiatric Treatment , 17 (4), 243-249. doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.109.007807
van der Meer, L., & Wunderink, C. (2018). Contemporary approaches in mental health rehabilitation. Epidemiology And Psychiatric Sciences , 28 (1), 9-14. doi: 10.1017/s2045796018000343
