In the research by Siller & Sigman, (2002), the research problem was communication problem among autistic children and caregivers’ behavior during their interactions. The question was whether “caregivers of autism attempt to employ the child’s attention focus equally as parents of developmental delay’s children at a similar level of language development”. The hypothesis was “ caregivers of children with autism who spend a higher proportion of the play engagement targeting objects that are already the focus of the child’s attention, trying to maintain the child’s ongoing activity, will have children with superior communication skills at later ages ” (Siller & Sigman, 2002). The study used 61 participants sampled from psychiatrists and psychologists, private pediatricians and local special education program at UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and then grouped into three groups. To collect data, a diagnosis was made independently by clinicians using American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III, 1980) criteria and confirmed using Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Calculating and entering test responses was used to prepare the data to be analyzed using ANOVA. There was a connection between the parental sensitivity and a consequent communication skill’s development among autism children. The research has implication on parental training interventions for autism children. The future research should focus on encouraging caregivers to improve the rate of synchronous that indicates verbalization and behavior.
The research problem is how to quantify the abnormalities in development in the cerebella and cerebral volumes in autism (Courchesne et al, 2001). The purpose was to enumerate the developmental abnormalities in the cerebellar and cerebral volumes of autism. The sample was made up of 60 autistic and 52 normal boys with the use of MRI from San Diego healthcare. Diagnostic evaluation by a team of psychologists and patient record review were the primary tool used to collect data and concluding preeminent estimate diagnostic result was made using DSM-IV’s criteria. In preparing the data to be analyzed calculating and entering test responses was used. The study used Statistical analysis using SPSS to analyses to compare or relate scores or measures. It was established that an abnormal brain growth regulation among children with autism leads to premature overgrowth and abnormally sluggish growth. The study offers a clear understanding of the developmental anatomic phenotype of autism critical in authenticating any claim of alleged cause or efficacy of treatments. There is no proposed direction for future research.
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References
Courchesne, E., Karns, C. M., Davis, H. R., Ziccardi, R., Carper, R. A., Tigue, Z. D., ... & Lincoln, A. J. (2001). Unusual brain growth patterns in early life in patients with autistic disorder an MRI study. Neurology , 57 (2), 245-254.
Siller, M., & Sigman, M. (2002). The behaviors of parents of children with autism predict the subsequent development of their children's communication. Journal of autism and developmental disorders , 32 (2), 77-89.
