Cubism is work of art or revolutionary style of painting, literature and sculptures whose main objective was to migrate from natural representation of things by capturing an object from different angles and dimensions. The artistic movement involved the use of geometric themes such as triangles, rectangles and circles in the landscape representation of the painter’s impression. The artistic painting kept on changing to a completely new style for a span seven years from 1907 to 1914 (Olive-Tomas & Harmeling, 2019). It was made up analytical cubism represented by shapes and synthetic cubism which was like a collage art. Cubism was finally overtaken by renaissance and modern art.
Features of Cubism
Cubism had multiple ways of representing the totality of objects on the same landscape leaving the spectator of the object trying to figure out what was the actual artistic impression. It created a new pictorial and aesthetic language which implied new relationship between the spectator and artwork. According to Lin & Con (2016), cubism tries to separate aesthetics from interpretation of nature thus gaining value as a means of expressing ideas. It ensured that painting will be something mental where the viewer of the image will try to interpret the image using the given guidelines thereby becoming creator artist. The artists used several color management methods such as gray, brown, green, ochre and some little light to create an impressive image. The aim of cubism was meant to represent coals and it began with the single painting of Ladies of Avignon drawn by Pablo Picasso. The paintings of cubism were weakened by the First World War and it finally ended in 1919 post war period.
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Cubism artistic impressions demonstrated a flat two dimensional surface that were different from the traditional techniques of perspective modeling. The painters had refuted from copying what is already known but preferred to be original with new reality paintings. The structure of cubism was meant to break down the representation of the object into its simplest form while emphasizing the multiple viewpoints of the image. Lin & Cong (2016) asserted that the analytical cubism improved the work Cezanne approach to painting which was based on geometric square lines. Synthetic cubism was characterized by use of mixed media and collage with creation of flatter space. It also consisted of greater use color with decorative effects. Cubist paintings consisted of cuttings from newspapers, piece of cloth, painted text and sheet music. The synthetic paintings tended to push objects together to flatten the picture plane and create an image with less depth than analytical paintings.
Artists that pioneered the Cubism movement
The cubism movement was started by Pablo Picasso who was painter and sculptor from Spain and he was considered to be the best artist of 20 th century. His work of art is still remembered and has been reserved in modern today museums. He was followed by a French painter called George Braque who improved his work as sculptor and a painter of cubism still life (Olive-Tomas & Harmeling, 2019). Later, Juan Gris was discovered as painter who was also from Spain. He painted a firm structure and a good rhythm cubism that was synthetic and full of colors. The other artist was Fernand Leger who originated France. He was a cubist painter inspired by the world war one where he used symbols of the industrial world. The famous cubist artists are Jean Metzinger, Robert Delaunay, and Henri Fauconnier.
How Cubism lead to the technique of collage
The seriousness of artwork through playful experimental challenge created a cubist collage which inspired other artist to begin the work of art through paintings and sculpturing (Heywood, 2017). Cubism expanded definition of paintings and questioned the existing notions of surface and dimensions to create a legacy that inspired other type of artwork such as Pop art, Dadaism and Surrealism. Through the analytic and synthetic cubism that were developed by Picasso and Braque it played a huge role to bring ideas into development of future artists. Picasso Still life was first collage work that was most developed which formed the basis of collage.
References
Olive-Tomas, A., & Harmeling, S. S. (2019). The rise of art movements: an effectual process model of Picasso’s and Braque’s give-and-take during the creation of Cubism (1908–1914). Small Business Economics , 1-24.
Lin, H., & Cong, X. (2016). Development of Fashion Design Based on the Formative Characteristics of Cubism Arts. Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association , 18 (1), 61-78.
Heywood, I. (2017). Cubist Collage and Visual Culture: Representation and Politics. The Handbook of Visual Culture , 361.
