Intervention studies are carried out to determine the efficacy of given treatment methods. They may also test for the efficacy of preventative methods also known as prophylaxis. The study is done by assigning individual subjects to one of more different treatment options. The subjects are then observed to determine the effect of the treatment. While this type of study is mainly used for drug trials, it may also be used for other options such as treatment and other alternative forms of treatment (Roberts, 2017). Delaere et al., (2017) further point out two methods that can be used to carry out an intervention study namely; a controlled clinical trial and community intervention. In a controlled clinical trial method, subjects are placed in specific variants of the intervention. Usually, the subjects are put into three groups. Each group gets a different treatment option. The first group is treated with the type of treatment under scrutiny. The second group is treated with a type of treatment plan whose efficacy has been proven. The third group is not treated at all. An example is a trial for cough syrup. The results of all three groups are then compared. In this study, the investigators are responsible for exposure or treatment. The second primary type of intervention is called community intervention. Here an intervention is allocated to a whole group or community. The sample size is usually more significant than the clinical trials which makes it harder to control. It is also harder to get credible results because of the bias and complications that come with dealing with a community. Both tests utilize the aspect of exposure and the resultant incidence. Because of its simplicity, it does not cost as much as a clinical trial. However, the results of a clinical trial are more reliable, and easier to determine efficacy (Dolničar et al., 2017).
References
Delaere, I., Lefer, M.-A., & Sutter, G. D. (2017). Empirical Translation Studies: New Methodological and Theoretical Traditions . Berlin ;Boston : De Gruyter Mouton
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Dolničar, V., Petrovčič, A., Šetinc, M., Košir, I., & Kavčič, M. (2017). Understanding acceptance factors for using e-care systems and devices: Insights from a mixed-method intervention study in Slovenia. Human Aspects of It for the Aged Population, 362-377.
Roberts, G. (2017). Treatment fidelity in studies of educational intervention . New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group Publishers.
