Human beings go through enormous changes throughout their lives. The changes in each stage of life, from childhood to adulthood, are marked with specific markers. This paper will look at the developmental stages for most children aged nine years which include: physical, fine motor skills, gross motor skills, cognitive skills, and language, emotional and self-help skills developmental stages.
Physical development stage:
Growth spurts- It is at this stage the child enters into puberty. The child has increased growth spurts and genital maturation, girls experiencing this change earlier than boys (Huberman, 2016; Marotz & Allen, 2016).
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Physical developmental milestones (fine motor skills):
Improved writing skills- the handwriting is more fluid, writing speed is faster, can write well and with little effort.
Physical developmental milestones (gross motor skills):
The child can accomplish more complex tasks- Can read and understand longer sentences, handles complex Mathematical problems such as subtraction, addition, multiplication, and division of more digits (Marotz & Allen, 2016; Pope et al., 2020).
Memory- both long-term and short-term memory are improved. Can recall things from their past (“Physical developmental milestones: School-age,” n.d.).
Concentration and attention spans increase- They can focus on tasks and topics for long (“Physical developmental milestones: School-age,” n.d.).
Language development (receptive and expressive language):
Developed speech-it is near to that of adults (Pope et al., 2020).
Reading becomes enjoyable- they read to understand and learn (Pope et al., 2020).
Emotional development:
Independence- children start choosing the clothes they want to wear, washing themselves, and choosing friendships that are now more meaningful (Pope et al., 2020).
Social development:
Social interactions between the same gender- Boys will want to play and interact with other boys (Stewart, 2013).
Peer pressure- they develop the need to fit in and may fall into peer pressure (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2021).
Self-help skills:
Take pride in personal belongings- they will tend to take care of their toys and belonging (American Psychological Association (APA), 2017).
References
The American Psychological Association (APA). (2017). Cognitive and social skills to expect from 6 to 8 years . https://www.apa.org. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://www.apa.org/act/resources/fact-sheets/development-10-years
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2021, February 22). Child development: Middle childhood (9-11 years old) | CDC . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/middle2.html
Huberman, B. (2016). Growth and development, ages nine to 12-What parents need to know . Advocates for Youth. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://www.advocatesforyouth.org/resources/health-information/parents-15/
Marotz, L. R., & Allen, K. E. (2016). Developmental profiles: Pre-birth through adolescence (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Physical developmental milestones: School-age . (n.d.). VLS. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://www.virtuallabschool.org/fcc/physical-development/lesson-4
Pope, J., Romito, K., Pellegrino, L., & Kim, S. C. (2020, May 27). Milestones for 9-Year-Olds . University of Michigan | CS Mott Children's Hospital | Michigan Medicine. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://www.mottchildren.org/health-library/ue5721
Stewart, J. (2013, January 7). 9- to 11-year-olds: Ages and stages of youth development . MSU Extension. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/9_to_11_year_olds_ages_and_stages_of_youth_development
