Question 1
For most of the health providers, ethical principles remain the essential values. These values guide and provide a practical basis on the relevant measures that need to be undertaken, the motives, or intentions (Price & Walker, 2018) . These principles govern how a group or persons should conduct themselves about the rights or wrongs of actions that surround the decision-making process surrounding the ultimate consequences of these actions. The current scenario is of a 19-year old schizophrenia patient who intends to marry a 47-year old bipolar disorder patient and ask a nurse to be the witness. However, in this case, the beneficence and non-maleficence ethical principles may conflict.
Beneficence promotes the idea that a nurse’s action should promote the ultimate good of the patient. This principle further explains that doing good should mean that it aims at doing what is best for the patient (Wagoro & Duma, 2018) . As a nurse, this principle should enable the nurse to see the patient in terms of long-term outcomes of any decisions or steps taken. In this case, the nurse is required to make a decision that would benefit the two individuals and it seems like having the wedding presents the best grounds for benefiting both individuals (Morgan & Plant, 2017) . Conversely, the non-maleficence principle may be conflicted in this case because it holds on not inflicting harm on others. The nurse understands that if the patients marry, it is likely that they will likely experience psychological harm as they may not understand how to relate with one another especially when considering their psychological conditions. Allowing the wedding to happen may conflict the beneficence realized earlier.
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Question 2
Part 1
About health psychology, it concerns health-related behaviors that include healthy eating, understanding the patient information, and some of the beliefs about the illness. However, according to the biopsychosocial framework, it views the illness and health to be a product of biological factors, psychological characteristics, and to involve social conditions (Price & Walker, 2018) . In our case, the first time a father is exceptionally depressed following the birth of a perfectly healthy child is a behavioral factor. The stress the father gets from the newborn depicts the emotional and psychological aspects that are related to the health or illness of the newborn.
Part 2
In the case of a child being unable to sleep at night because of terrifying nightmares may be as a result of psychological issues. The biopsychosocial model, suggests that psychological issues may arise from traumatic issues an individual has experienced in the past (Wagoro & Duma, 2018) . Therefore, the case of this child is may be attributed to such matters, and health psychologists can work with health care professionals and the patients to assist in dealing with the emotional and psychological aspects of this condition.
Part 3
In this case, a woman is angry for moving into a senior citizen residence quota despite her making the decision. According to the biopsychosocial model, this case presents the woman’s behaviors to be products of biological or social conditions (Morgan & Plant, 2017) . It might be that the woman’s decision to move into the senior residence was triggered by her deteriorating health and the rising inability for her to care for herself. However, her resentful nature concerning the decision might have been influenced by social conditions such as family relationships or social support.
References
Morgan, A., & Plant, N. (2017). Legal and ethical frameworks for mental health nursing practice. Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing: An Essential Guide for Nursing and Healthcare Students .
Price, O., & Walker, L. (2018). Principles of ethical research. A research handbook for the patient and public involvement researchers . Manchester University Press.
Wagoro, M. C. A., & Duma, S. E. (2018). Ethics in Nursing–An African Perspective. In African Perspectives on Ethics for Healthcare Professionals (pp. 159-174). Springer, Cham.
