The Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) was developed in the 1940s by the US military to assist in the qualitative and quantitative identification of risk for prevention of failure it involves quantitative failure analysis by creating linkages between potential failures, the effects and the causes of failure. It is a bottom-up (Hardware) or top-down (Functional) approach to assessing risk. It is inductive and links the elements of a failure chain as follows: Effect of failure, Failure mode, and Causes. To address an issue, the Chief of Police can apply the FMECA to resolve any issue in the police department by undertaking the following actions.
• The first step is to identify the issue to be analyzed. This includes identifying the functions and the missions of the police department, the boundaries of the issue that should and should not be included in the analysis, and the conditions that are to be considered in the analysis.
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• The second step involves collecting sufficient information on the issue being addressed. This includes the frequency of the issue and the possible descriptions. The Chief of Police should also gather information on other FMECA designs used to sort the issue.
• Divide the FMECA design into functional elements. He should also express the level of detail to be used in the analysis.
• Step four involves the system structure analysis. The Chief of Police can use a functional block diagram to undertake the analysis. Consequences of the issue should also be identified.
• The fifth action involves comparing the consequences of the issue and the particular elements. These particular elements should be divided further to identify the failure modes and their causes on a lower level. This is done by assessing the severity of the issue as catastrophic, critical, moderate, marginal or minor. It will help in identifying the best way to address the issue.
