There are two kinds of diseases that result from pathogenic microorganisms. They are food infection and food intoxication. This paper examines the differences between these two diseases and offers three examples of each.
Food intoxication occurs when a natural toxin or a chemical causes a person to be sick. Intoxication happens when a person ingests food containing poisons produced by bacteria that emerged due to the growth of microorganisms in the food product (Barnes-Svarney & Svarney, 2015). The person does not need to consume the live bacteria. For example, Clostridium botulinum poisoning causes botulism disease. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, trouble swallowing and speaking, droopy eyelids and double vision. The disease can be deadly within an average of 7 days if left untreated. Another example is Staphylococcus aureus that causes soft tissue and skin infections like cellulitis or abscesses. Symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and severe nausea. If left untreated, infections take longer to heal. Bacillus Cereus is another food intoxication that causes two kinds of diseases, diarrhea and emetic toxin. Symptoms include vomiting and nausea a half an hour to 6 hours following the consumption of contaminated food. Diarrhea and abdominal cramps emerge in severe cases. The intoxication can be deadly if left untreated (Department of Health, n.d.).
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Food infection occurs when a microbial develops inside the body of a person and leads to specific symptoms (Barnes-Svarney & Svarney, 2015). Infection emerges when an individual ingests food containing live microorganisms, which then develop and launch themselves in the intestinal tract. Campylobacter jejuni is an example of food infection that causes gastroenteritis. Symptoms include nausea, abdominal pain, fever, muscle pain and headache. The infection can lead to a severe form of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Another example is the Escherichia coli 0157: H7 causes E.coli infection. Symptoms include malaise, nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. The infection can lead to kidney failure if left untreated. Another example is Hepatitis A virus that causes Hepatitis A disease. Symptoms include the sudden emergence of abdominal discomfort, anorexia, nausea, malaise, and fever (Department of Health, n.d.).
References
Barnes-Svarney, P. L., & Svarney, T. E. (2015). The handy biology answer book . Canton, Mich: Visible Ink Press.
Department of Health. (n.d.). Food-Borne Infections and Intoxications. Retrieved February 16, 2018, from https://doh.dc.gov/service/food-borne-infections-and-intoxications
