In chapter 17, Worth (2013) underscores the role of international and global organizations in development. He also explores the organization, management, and structuring of international and global organizations. Titled “Governing and Managing International and Global Organizations,” the chapter first acknowledges that a dvancement in technology especially in communication has provided easier access to the challenges affecting many parts of the world that were inaccessible before. Some of these challenges include extreme poverty levels in the less developed nations, diseases, high illiteracy levels, discrimination of women and people with disabilities among st others. To help mitigate these pressing challenges, Worth (2013) argues that some organizations have emerged with the sole purpose of seeking to alleviate these drawbacks. I n the United States (U.S), t hese organizations are known as non-profit organizations or Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Accordingly, Worth (2013) categorizes the NGOs as either international or global organizations . International NGOs (INGOs) are more popular and often operate in numerous countries but have their headquarters situated in their mother country. On the other hand, Global NGOs have a global management board. Most NGOs start as local organizations and then eventually grow to the international or global level. As NGOs transcend their bounds, they encounter various setbacks that need to be addressed such as differences in cultures, languages, legal frameworks, fund sourcing, and governance (Worth, 2013). This article discusses the organization, management, and structuring of international and global organizations.
International NGOs have been categorized into two groups by the world bank . These are advocacy organizations and operational organizations (Worth , 2013). The principal interest of a dvocacy INGOs is to promote causes or create awareness about problems facing specific people or regions while operational INGOs focus on devising and executing development projects that will alleviate societal challenges . Thus, these organizations are involved in funding and construction of schools, hospitals, and other infrastructure.
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
International and global organizations have different sources of funding which are determined by the countries of operation amongst other factors . Fundraising by these organizations can be achieved through donor contributions, government gra n ts, use of direct mail and raffles, mass participation events, face-to-face solicitations, use of galas, online contributions among others (Worth, 2013). Fundraising is a very crucial aspect of these organizations because their operations are limited to the funds they can inject to further their cause. As a result, u pcoming organizations or those with li mited visibility face stiff competition from the already established ones when sourcing for funds.
Worth (2013) also acknowledges that governance and management of international and global organizations are not easy. This is particularly the case as they grow and expand their operations to new locations . Global organizations present a stricter approach to governance and management in comparison to international organizations. Various governance models have been developed concerning this. Worth discusses three such models . The first model is based on the use of representatives on the board to represent local communities or countries of operations . The second one involves the appointment of an international member to the board irrespective of their countr y of origin, and the third model involves the appointment of board members from around the world based on their experiences, perspectives, and skills (Worth, 2013). The latter has proven to be the most effective on a global level because it ensures a manageable board size and the members are appointed depending on the organizations ’ skills set rather than on geographical origins . The model also ensures that the organization is run depending on its objective and not regional interests.
Concerning organizational structuring, there is a consideration to be made between adopting a centralized o r decentralized management . However, according to Worth (2013), the latter enjoys more popularity . This is because, under a decentralized management, local affiliates and branches are given autonomy with minimal directions from the headquarters. Resources are then distributed among the affiliates for use. The primary challenges facing decentralized management are accountability and communication .
To ensure that international and global organizations successfully achieve their targets, the managers posted to the different areas around the world should undergo intensive training . This is with regard to the language, culture, legal systems and other aspects specific to those regions. These managers are also expected to be open-minded, flexible and hav ing high degrees of tolerance.
Thus, according to Worth (2013), international and global organizations have contributed immensely to the development of various parts of the world . This is by alleviating societal challenges such as illiteracy, poverty and health problems among others . Therefore, it is vital that these organizations are well structured, governed and managed to ensure that they operate effectively. Funding of these organizations should also be facilitated to help them carry out their philanthropic work.
References
Worth, M. J. (2013). Nonprofit management: Principles and practice . Sage .
