The article ‘Biological Aspects of Young and Middle Adults’ under the subtitle “Recognize Contributions Of Physical Development Health Status, And Other Factors To Health During Young Adulthood” discusses the health status of young adults. Despite the lack of a concrete definition of adulthood, the report evaluates young people based on their age groups and the health status associated with such groupings. (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2006) define young adulthood as the healthiest time of life and evaluate the deterioration of health in the transition from young adulthood to middle age. The article keenly analyzes the health status of adulthood on a gender perspective where it focuses on the health risks facing both men and women. It conducts an analysis of chronic diseases especially confronting women by assessing in details the aspect of breast cancer. The article presents insights and research on the prevalence of breast cancer in American society scrutinizing symptoms, risk factors, and treatment. An in-depth discussion is provided on the breast cancer occurrence, care, effects impact on the health status of the society.
Critique of the article
The article discusses adulthood and health status providing detailed discussions on breast cancer through an examination of the risks, symptoms and treatment of the illness that affects the significant population of women in the society today. The theoretical perspectives provided offer comprehensive discussions on how to identify the risk factors and promotes the healthy practices. It appeals to individuals especially women to be vigilant in observing, classifying, being suspicious and seeking physicians guidance in the occurrence of abnormal signs. (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2006). The article explores the processes and health experiences as a result of breast cancer creating a vivid and complete picture to both men and women on the approach, measures, preventions and the effects of breast cancer on the health status (Cadet et al., 2017).The article therefore successfully equips the society with knowledge and in-depth understanding offering skills precautions and health promotion advice.
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On the other hand, the article shows limitations on the presentation and analysis which impacts its effectiveness in addressing health issues. The information presented relates to the middle age group and concentrates majorly on women as opposed to young adults (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2006). Also, the information provided attributes breast cancer to ethnic differences in gauging the survival, incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer. The article especially displays prejudice on African American, Hispanics, Asians and American Indian women citing them as having lower survival and high mortality women compared to the white women (Jutagir et al., 2016). The article does not provide adequate reasons on the case as it only cites sociocultural factors. The factors also display discriminatory issues based on gender depicting women as responsible for their illnesses and condemning them for being women.
The evidence provided is not satisfactory. For example, the analysis of increased risk for childless women and women who conceive after 30 years of age lack scientific support of facts (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2006). The article fails to offer viable preventive measures such as behavioral changes in lifestyle and assumes that educational awareness as a sole actor will be sufficient as people will fear the disease. Contrary to the assumption the adverse lifestyle factors discuss result from social, cultural and changes in legislation which continue to increase the risks of the disease and its impact on mortality rates (Cadet et al., 2017). The article is not useful in offering preventive strategies.
Unanswered questions raised by the journal article.
The article presents various unanswered questions on breast cancer and its influence on health status. No specific answers are given to address physiological events prone to women such as age, behaviors such as breastfeeding habits or their income and educational status. Despite the article association of high deaths arising from African American, Hispanic, Asians and American Indians women (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2006) concerning social, cultural, and economic status it fails to answer questions on approaches that can reduce such outcomes in the mentioned groups. Based on the statistic provided the article seems to urge such women to adopt long-standing mindsets of breeding and raising children at a young age (Jutagir et al., 2016) with concepts such as breastfeeding for as long as possible as measures that promote safety and prevention of breast cancer.
Implications for social work practice
The article has different suggestions in social work practice. The analysis provides the requirement for follow up to give more insights and awareness on the risks symptoms and treatments on breast cancer. The article also creates implication on health providers especially physicians as it encourages regular checkups (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2006) which may result in an increased number of women undergoing a medical examination for breast cancer. The article also encourages the creation of health promotion and educational awareness policies (Jutagir et al., 2016) which means that health departments must put out more resources and allocate sufficient time on research, evaluation of findings and dispatch f information to the society or improve the health status of the community.
Conclusion
The article is relevant and timely in addressing health status issues in young adulthood and middle age. The keen focus on breast cancer is essential as it addresses frequently raised questions and offers a satisfactory explanation of the current state of breast cancer. The analysis on symptoms, risk factors and the various options of treatment is significant to the society equipping the society with skills and knowledge as well as precautions on lifestyles and health. The article limitations and critics provide a room or more research and in-depth focus on findings for improvement and detailed interpretation with impacts on healthcare of the society.
References
Cadet, T. J., Bakk, L., Stewart, K., & Maramaldi, P. (2017). Older Hispanic Women and Breast Cancer Screening: Do Cultural Factors Matter? Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work , 26 (4), 382-398.
Jutagir, D. R., Gudenkauf, L. M., Stagl, J. M., Carver, C. S., Bouchard, L. C., Lechner, S. C., ... & Antoni, M. H. (2016). Ethnic differences in types of social support from multiple sources after breast cancer surgery. Ethnicity & health , 21 (5), 411-425.
Zastrow, C., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2015). Biological Aspects of young and middle adulthood. In Empowerment Series: Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment (pp. 471-474). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
