The excerpt focuses on the ethnic and racial differences in respect to the various educational, academic and market outcomes that come along with the corresponding trait used as a comparison tool between these two groups; the blacks and the non-blacks. An extensive research has been conducted over several years and therefore it is easy to track the changes over the years and hence come up with a comprehensive conclusion about the various differences between these two groups and how they affect the trends that exist over time.
Cultural orientation, generic position and structural position are taken as a basis for theories on possibility of effect of ethnic background of the students. These factors show an effect on the motivation of the students towards working hard in things like lab work. Blacks are seen as being inferior due to their cultural orientation as compared to their white counterparts. The authors of the document would rather focus on other factors contributing to boosting motivation with both ethnic groups placed on a scale. The use of various different factors is vital to truly determining the root cause of lack of motivation\ and other factors affecting education rather than just concluding that cultural orientation solely contributes to an effect on education.
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When the students achieve success at different levels of Education like secondary school and College Education, an advancement is made to higher studies. Some aspects affect advancement of students from one level to another. The whites are compared to the blacks and the whites outshine the blacks. This is due to the differences in the way both groups handle education issues. The whites value parental guidance in education matters, making the whites better in terms of education. Issues such as school dropout is a negative factor that makes the students quit school and it is evident in both groups. A reflection of the possible methods of mitigating issues such as school drop outs is supposed to be considered and other factors such as the sensitization of the parents on importance of parental educational guidance should be prioritized.
