Question One
There are various factors that determine health. One of these factors is the level of income of an individual. Higher income leads to increased social status and these are linked to better health. The bigger the gap between the rich and the poor, the greater the divergences in health outcomes. The second factor is education. Low levels of education are associated with poor health, lower sell-esteem and confidence. Another key factor is the physical environment. This encompasses clean air, safe water, safe shelters, and conducive communities and infrastructure. A poor environment leads to adverse health outcomes.
The health behavior that I struggle to maintain is taking a proper diet. Many at times, I find that I do not have the time to prepare a good meal or I just ignore taking the essential nutrients for good health. The theory that best describes my behavior is the health belief model (HBM). The HBM states that a person’s course of action usually depends on the individual’s barriers and benefits related to health behavior ( Maffucci et al, 2019) . On that note, even though I know a good diet is important for my well-being, I regularly fail to engage in healthy habits thus leading to feelings of guilt and regret.
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Question Two
The first factor to consider when designing an intervention to change behavior is the physical environment. The intervention should be adapted to fit a person’s environment to have the desired effect (Yang, 2017). The second consideration pertains to the target behaviors. The intervention should set realistic and achievable goals when targeting a particular behavior. It means that the activities in the intervention should be geared towards achieving or improving a certain behavior. This should be done to match a person’s characteristics and abilities.
References
Maffucci, R., Nicolai, A., Tartaglione, S., Gioia, M. R., Gaglione, P., Grella, E., ... & Bianco, A. (2019). Self efficacy treatment: how health belief model can influence CPAP compliance in OSAS.
Yang, Q. (2017). Are social networking sites making health behavior change interventions more effective? A meta-analytic review. Journal of health communication , 22 (3), 223-233.
