The concept of design in stream restoration is complex and needs detailed analysis and understanding. Indeed, various factors have to be taken into consideration in the process of designing a stream restoration project. The process of designing stream restoration needs to be undertaken with utmost care while upholding quality. In essence, any design in an urban area where people are living should take into consideration the needs of the residents. The entire process and implementation should consider factors such as budget constraints, the topography of the site, and factors such as floods that may arise in the future. An in-depth analysis of the design of the stream restoration project while adhering to the budget is analyzed in this paper. Furthermore, the hydraulic conductivity of soils and aquifers in North Carolina is taken into deep consideration. The monitoring requirements for stream restoration projects should all be taken into consideration through approaches that are science-based while taking into understanding the functioning of stream processes and measurements of parameters. When data from stream restoration projects are analyzed effectively, then it would be possible to identify the functions via pre and post-implementation monitoring. The monitoring process should emphasize biological metrics and channel stability without making connections to stream functions. Some of the factors that might be taken into consideration while undertaking the design of steam stability are lateral stability, riparian corridor coverage, bed form diversity, floodplain and hydraulic connectivity, nutrient and sediment retention, and finally carbon retention. One of the main aims of undertaking stream restoration projects is to achieve a channel design that fits well into the natural system. At the same time, it should fit into the physical constraints that are imposed by other objectives of the project. The control of floods is also one of the most important parts of stream design. The design encompasses principles from physics and fluvial geomorphology. Fluvial geomorphology is the study of the interactions between fluvial processes and channel form. It provides the theoretical foundation for stream design. The fluvial geomorphic processes are some of the determining forces in the regulation and formation of a stream’s beds and banks. In the process of the stream design, the complex relationships between dependent and independent variables are also given an emphasis. Independent variables are affected by changes in the watershed that are external to the stream. The independent variables in the process of design are sediment supply and discharge. Some of the independent variables include landforms, soils, and geology (AgCenter, 2017). The dependent variables that will be taken into consideration are pattern, depth, width, and slope. The adjustment of streams shifts towards stability when there is a significant change in the sediment load and discharge. In the process, dynamic equilibrium should be achieved. One of the reasons why stability should be achieved is because the streams that are in stability maintain a consistent profile, pattern, and dimension (Law, 2015). The changes in the hydrology of watersheds may result in alterations in profile and dimension as the stream adjusts to a new state of equilibrium. The $1,000,000 budget is going to take into consideration all these factors in a way that stability in the stream is going to be achieved. The project is located in the province of South Carolina. Shifts in the equilibrium of the stream are enabled since the streams have a measure of elasticity that allows them to absorb shifts. In the design process, sediments are also going to be taken into consideration because they may affect the stream. Sediments increases as a result of an increase in upstream channel erosion or land development (HydroSOLVE, 2017). Another area that may be of interest in the course of undertaking the project is the flooding that occurs on the adjacent property. In designing the stream, gabions and buffer systems will be put in place to control recurrent flooding (Barker, 2014). A stream restoration project like this one is often complex and requires many factors to be taken into consideration. Within a budget of $1,000,000, the project can be undertaken to successful completion within the stipulated time. Out of the $1,000,000, $450,000 will be used in the purchasing of materials that will be used in the construction process. Since flooding is a perennial problem in the region during the rainy season and affects the adjacent property, $100,000 will be used for the prevention of future flooding. The project is going to disrupt the lives of the people who are residing in the area. They will have to be relocated. Regarding this, $400,000 will be channeled to the compensation of the locals so that they can resettle elsewhere. The remaining $50,000 will be utilized in the laboratory testing of the soil that is present at the construction site. Soil testing is one of the main activities that should always precede the process of construction, especially for a major project like this one. The results that will be obtained will be used to ascertain whether the site is right for the construction project or not. Urban areas are places that have large populations. Therefore, it is of utmost necessity that the peoplewholivenear the ongoing project are taken into consideration as well as all the elements of urban design that may have a toll on the project. Some of the elements of urban design that will be considered in the project while adhering to the budget of $1,000,000 are public space, buildings, streets, buildings, transport, and the landscape of the locality. Public space should be a priority because the members of the public require ample space to maneuver around as they go about their day-to-day activities. In performing the design for the stream project, the landscape should be given priority. It should be either sintered as it was previously or improved. There should be no degradation whatsoever. The streets should be given priority since they are also a component of space in the design. Members of the public require enough space to move around that does not infringe on their movement (Stac, 2014). Some of the Pictures of the Site are Provided Below. Hydraulic conductivity is the measure of the ability of soils to conduct water. The movement of water in soils is highly dependent on the hydraulic conductivity of soils. Some of the aquifer tests that may be conducted in the soils are slug tests and pumping tests. They are performed to determine the site-specific values for the hydraulic properties of aquitards and aquifers. Land use is highly affected by soil hydrology which entails the application of the various waste products that are associated with the land. The hydraulic conductivity of soils is also a determinant of the use of land and waste management.
Conclusion
The process of stream restoration design is indeed a complex process that requires adequate time and resources to achieve successful completion. As the stream design is done, flooding and the effect of the project on adjacent properties and the population, in general, are also taken into consideration. The hydraulic conductivity of soils is also taken into consideration in the process of stream restoration design hence must be analyzed keenly.
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References
AgCenter, L. (2017). Preventing Flood Damage. LSU AgCente , 56-78.
Barker, R. (2014). Designing for floods? The answer is plain. Barbour , 76-97.
HydroSOLVE. (2017). The World's Best Aquifer Analysis Software Since 1989. HydroSOLVE , 178-189.
Law, S. S. (2015). Designing sustainable stream restoration. STAC , 116-127.
Stac. (2014). Designing Sustainable Stream Restoration. Stac , 23-28.
