There are four measurements above that are abnormal and will be reported to the RN. Which measurement has the highest priority and should be reported immediately? Explain your response.
Temperature is the highest priority measurement, and the RN needs to be informed about it immediately. According to the results, the kid's body temperature is 102.2 F. The average body temperature should not be higher than 99.5 F. This high body temperature could cause various hazardous impacts to the child, including severe dehydration and seizure ( Spronk-van der Meer, 2018) . Also, the high temperature could result in hypocalcemia due to skeletal muscle degradation and electrolyte abnormalities because of water loss. Furthermore, the child is at risk of getting neurological dysfunction, including agitation, cognitive dysfunction, and consciousness disturbance by lethargy to coma.
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There are various causes of high body temperature amongst kids, with the main one being upper respiratory tract infection ( Spronk-van der Meer, 2018) . Also, common childhood ailments such as whooping cough and chickenpox can increase body temperature. Tonsillitis and viral infections such as Roseola also increase body temperatures.
What additional information will be helpful to report to the RN regarding this priority concern? Explain your response and include what your findings might be.
Sniffles and colds during the flu and cold season are the main causes of respiratory illnesses in many children. Upper respiratory tract infections and viral infections could cause an increase in body temperature for children. Although there are various causes of fever amongst children, infections are the leading cause. Fever indicates that a child's body is battling against an infection ( Spronk-van der Meer, 2018) . Different viruses cause most infections.
There are four vital sign readings that are abnormal. What is the normal range for each finding? What treatments would be anticipated for the oxygen saturation and the temperature? Which treatment will be given first? Explain your response.
Temperature s 102.2 F, but normal reading should range between 97.7 F and 99.5 F.
Heart rate is 110, whereas normal reading should range between 70 bpm to 100bpm.
The respiratory rate is 28, but the normal rate should be between 20 to 25 bpm.
Oxygen saturation is 90% below the normal rate, which should be between 95% and 99% ( Fernandez et al., 2017) .
The treatment used for oxygen saturation is oxygen therapy, which helps treat low oxygen levels, commonly referred to as hypoxemia ( Fernandez et al., 2017) . The therapy can be utilized to treat hypoxemia and can be used as an oxygen mask ranging between two to three liters per minute.
Children with high body temperature, also referred to as hyperthermia, should first be given oxygen therapy due to increased patient's metabolic rate when faced with heat stress ( Fernandez et al., 2017) . The nurse should administer IV fluid to prevent the child from dehydrating. Also, administering midazolam is important to prevent the seizure of shivering. Before treating hyperthermia, it is important to have a thorough physical and history assessment of the child.
Additionally, since Mom reported that the four-month-old baby has sniffles. Should we be more or less concerned about this based on the child's age? Explain your response.
The common cold is a viral infection on the throat and nose, whose common indicators include a runny nose and nasal congestion. Babies are highly prone to the common cold than older children. That is mainly because their immunity to most common infections is yet to develop ( Fernandez et al., 2017) . On average, babies have up to seven colds annually, and for those living in child care centers, the cases would be more.
Treatment of common cold for babies entails measures that could help ease the symptoms, such as giving them fluids, keeping them in warm conditions, and ensuring that their nasal passages are always open. The immune system of babies improves with time. In case the baby is ailing from a cold only and no further complication, it subsides within ten to fourteen days ( Spronk-van der Meer, 2018) . Parents or caregivers should take infants to see a doctor immediately they note any sign of a common cold. Early detection helps to take note of whether the child has pneumonia or any other serious illness. The caregivers should also see a doctor if the child refuses to accept fluids, coughs up blood-tinged sputum, or has difficulty breathing.
References
Fernandez, A., Benito, J., & Mintegi, S. (2017). Is this child sick? Usefulness of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle in emergency settings. Jornal De Pediatria , 93 , 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.002
Spronk-van der Meer, S. (2018). Respiratory problems in children: A right to health approach. In Children's Rights in Health Care (pp. 200-224). Brill Nijhoff. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004327573_011
