According to Barrett (2012), an environmental degradation is one issue that has been debated over comprehensively in most countries around the globe; however, no proper conclusion has ever been reached among the debating parties. One of the major contributors to the environmental degradation is air pollution. This is the same problem that is facing the Charlotte community in USA. One of the sources of air pollution in this community is livestock farming which releases many types of firm waste which pollute the air. Air pollution in this case is the introduction of gases and solid particles into the atmosphere. These particles are inclusive of chemical particles from the industries, harmful chemicals from the livestock and poultry firms, biological chemical and many others. Air pollution has been a major issue in the Charlotte area because the city is dominated by a vast number of livestock firms. The chemicals from this these animals, especially from the poultry as well as livestock firms are claimed to be affecting 1.4 million of the populace. Charlotte is one area in the USA which has been ranked twice as one of the most polluted cities in the state. The ranking came successively in 2010 and 2011 according to the statistics done by the environmental organizations (Hankins, 2013).
Reducing air pollution in this state calls upon strategies especially from those who manage these livestock firms to ensure that they manage the waste release from the companies in a way that they are not release directly or indirectly in the air. Also, there are consequences which can be either positive or negative which can be used to encourage pro- environment behaviors. Consequently, technology application currently brings in new measures which can be employed in firms and other places to ensure that air pollution is under control. Lastly, there are environment policies both which can be applied to control the livestock firms and the environment to ensure that the waste which is released from the livestock firms are well coordinated and managed in a way that is environmentally friendly.
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Strategies for Promoting Positive Environmental Behavior
Barrett (2012) state that one of the factors which are associated with the increased cardiovascular morbidity in many countries is the increasing air pollution which comes from different source especially from livestock farming. He also states that one of the measures which can be put in place to reduce air pollution is the encouraging positive environmental behavior among people in the society. In this case, two strategies to promote positive environmental behavior are under the microscope. The first strategy is to bring awareness to the individual in the populace about the effects of air pollution in the environment and to them the individuals. The second strategy is taking a strict action on the person who perpetuates the release of the animal waste in a manner which promotes the release of these gases in the air for examples the release of animal chemicals, mishandling of the poultry waste and unhygienic.
Air pollution which comes from livestock firms is perpetuated by ignorance and lack of knowledge of environmental degradation and air pollution. Therefore any strategy which has the capability to increase the populace knowledge and awareness on ways of managing the livestock firms to reduce air pollution can achieve a great milestone. Once the individual becomes aware of the negative effect of air pollution and how the livestock contributes to the larger part of the pollution, they will automatically change their behavior and state either reusing product or well management of such products to reduce their mad impact contribution on air pollution. Alternatively, taking action for instance, taking legal actions for those who release livestock waste on the environment can actually change their behavior and make them have their animal waste managed in a manner that minimizes air pollution. By taking action towards mismanagement of livestock waste products shows great concern about the environment, this can cage behavior of the individual which is a concern in away the positive impact the environment.
Negative and Positive Consequences of Air Pollution increase Pro-environmental Behavior
Pro-environmental behavior can positively, or negative be influenced by either positive or negative consequence’ of air pollution. It may look impossible to a word express that a negative consequence of air pollution has the capability to increase pro-environmental behavior; this perception is naïve since this case is a possibility. Brunekreef and Holgate (2002) believe that a negative consequence of air pollution increases environmental degradation as well as negatively affecting the populace. For instance, air pollution is one of the major factors which increase cardiovascular-related diseases in the population in many countries in the world. To the animals, there are various intoxications which bring about the unhealthy condition of livestock especially poultry animals. To the plant, pollution results to climate change which brings with acidic rain, and this has a negative impact on plants (Barrett, 2012). These effects of air pollution are very critical since they lead to pro-environmental behaviors and modify the individual’s behaviors in a way that enhance environmental improvement and reduction on the issue regarding the climatic change which is caused by air pollution. For this reason, they individual may initiate strategies such us re-using the waste and proper disposal of such waste (Liao et al., 2012). Also, the effect of air pollution especially those contributed by the livestock farming can lead to more strict sanctions on those who carelessly dispose of the waste from the firms and other industries; such sanctions can help positive behavior adjustments which can change population behaviors about pollutions. Also, the positive consequences of air pollution of increase the pro-environmental behavior. For instance, when an individual realizes that through re-using animals waste, or reducing the fouls of the smell from the poultry firm and managing well the firm waste through proper disposal of waste can reduce environmental issues, then they automatically change their behaviors.
How Technological Advances have impacted the Environment
The influence of technology is felt in many industries and sectors in the worlds. Technology has played a significant role in reducing air pollution in industries, livestock farming, and many other areas. Technology has enhanced proper packages, processing, and production as well as many other issues which reduce pollution in many industries. For instance, research has come up with a technology bio-filter as well as heat exchangers that have the capabilities to reduce the emission of ammonia particles into the air. Ammonia particles are constantly released into the air from the livestock as by the livestock firms in many countries in the world. Ammonia release in the air is one of the principal pollutants that come from livestock companies; therefore, such technological invention ensures that pollution is considerably reduced. Alternatively, technology has come up with better machines which help to recycle the animals waste, and treat livestock slurry to ensure that the imminent emission from these products is critically reduced.
Assessing the Influence of Environmental Policies
According to Steg (2013), environmental policies can have positive and negative consequences for individuals and society as a whole (p. 221). Environmental policies are commitments of organization or an individual who come together, set up laws, regulation which ensures that environmental issues such as air pollution under control. The individuals have the capability to adjust towards the positive behaviors to comply with the set environmental regulations and policies, or, they can decide not to comply with the laws or the policies and be the subject of the policy consequences. Steg (2013) also asserts that environmental policies have the potential of negatively influencing individual who does not comply with these policies. As for the general society, it is positively affected by the environmental policies since it enhances positive influence on environment among people.
The policies are implemented by the organizations or individuals at a different level to have the environment and the components such the animals protected through influencing individuals or the organizations to master better ways of reducing pollution in the environment (Steg, 2013). The environmental policies which protect the environment from damage or pollutions have an appositive influence on the environment. For this reason, it is vital for environmental policies to be enhanced. The governments in each country across the world should strive to make policies which have an aim of protecting the environment. the policies should be geared towards environmental pollution awareness, sanctions and many others. Most importantly, the concerned individuals should be made aware of the existence of such policies is to make them safe.
References
Barrett, J.R. (2012). Air pollution intervention. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120 (3), 1. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/931504983?accountid=458
Brunekreef, B., & Holgate, S. T. (2002). Air pollution and health. The Lancet, 360 (9341), 1233-42. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199021108?accountid=458
Hankins, M. (2013). Charlotte Magazine . Retrieved from http://www.charlottemagazine.com/Charlotte-Magazine/February-2013/Clearing-the-Air/
Kazmi, S. K. (2012). Hybrid Electric Vehicle . Pakistan & Gulf Economist, 31 (39), 40-42. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1081755012?accountid=458
Liao, K., Amar, P., Tagaris, E., & Russell, A. G. (2012). Development of risk-based air quality management strategies under impacts of climate change. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 62 (5), 557-565. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1467988948?accountid=458
Steg, L. (2013). Environmental psychology: An introduction . Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
