Cervical cancer is the second joint illness among women and girls. Almost 100 % of the patients who get the cervical cancer are treated at early stages (Alves, Alves & Lunet, 2010) . Cervical cancer is common among women from poor households due to poor health practices (Domingo & Dy Echo, 2009) . Early detection of the tumor is essential to prevent, treat and administer palliative care to the patients with cervical cancer. Cervical cancer needs to be detected early to prevent its prevalence (Clouse, 2010) .
The Incidence of Cervical Cancer
According to Martínez-Donate et al. (2013), claimed that most chronic diseases such as cervical cancer are common in low-income households. The women from these families conduct poor health practices. For example, these families consume foods that are unhealthy and environmental factors trigger the illness. The women from needy families cannot afford monthly tests and screening once a month due to their low-income. Women with no health insurance have no access to cancer screening services (Murillo, 2016) .
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Cervical cancer is also common to young girls due to poor health lifestyles. Young girls consume junk foods which weaken the immune system. Their bodies cannot resist disease because they are weak. Young women engage in sexual activities and have high chances of contracting STIs that cause cervical cancer (Teitelman et al., 2009) . According to Crosbie et al. (2013), the Human papilloma disease causes cervical cancer.
The figure above indicates the incidence of cervical cancer in America. Cervical cancer is prevalent among Hispanics and blacks who have a low income. The cancer rates are low among whites and Asians because they have access to medical facilities, eat healthy foods and are aware of the cause along with prevention of cervical cancer.
Prevention of Cervical cancer
Firstly, cervical cancer can be treated after early detection. Early detection of cervical cancer will assist in the prevention, treatment, and administration of the essential care for the patients. Patients can undergo Pap tests to detect cervical cancer (Habbema, Inge, & Brown, 2012) . Since the middle of the 19th century, the Pap tests have been carried out which have resulted in the reduction of the prevalence cervical cancer along with mortality rates (Solomon, Breen & McNeel, 2007) . The Pap tests should be done after three years to detect cancer in early stages (Saraiya, McCaig & Ekwueme, 2010) . Women and girls go for the HPV tests because the disease causes cervical cancer. The HPV tests are carried out after five years to make sure the patients are safe from getting other diseases (Bornstein, 2009) . The medical field has introduced vaccinations on HPV to reduce the chances of citizens contracting HPV disease (Schiffman & Solomon, 2013) . This will apply to women from high-income families because they can afford screening and test services.
Secondly, the government is providing low-costs along with free screening services for cervical cancer to poor households. The low-income women can access Medicaid programs that assist them in preventing cervical cancer. The Affordable Care Act has assisted citizens in obtaining insurance cover on medical prevention facilities (Roland, 2013) .
Thirdly, agencies such as the American Cancer Society, United States Preventive Service Workforce have created awareness on cancer screening, prevention, and treatment. The agencies have helped in reducing cervical cancer cases in the country. Many individuals have become aware of causes and consequences of cervical cancer which has enabled them to prevent the disease (Roland, 2013) .
From the figure above, the activities that have been implemented to prevent cancer have long-term and short-term effects. The long-term goal of preventing cervical cancer will be reduced by practically incorporating the events.
References
Alves, C., Alves, L., & Lunet, N. (2010). Epidemiology of cervical cancer. cancer , 55 , 32.
Bornstein, J. (2009). The HPV vaccines—which to prefer?. Obstetrical & gynecological survey , 64 (5), 345-350.
Clouse, A. L. (2010). 1.1 Cervical Cancer Detection and Prevention. Women's Health in Clinical Practice: A Handbook for Primary Care , 199.
Crosbie, E. J., Einstein, M. H., Franceschi, S., & Kitchener, H. C. (2013). Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. The Lancet , 382 (9895), 889-899.
Domingo, E. J., & Dy Echo, A. V. V. (2009). Epidemiology, prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in the Philippines. Journal of gynecologic oncology , 20 (1), 11-16.
Habbema, D., De, K. O. K., Inge, M., & Brown, M. L. (2012). Cervical cancer screening in the United States and the Netherlands: a tale of two countries. The Milbank Quarterly , 90 (1), 5-37.
Integrating Novel Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategies . (2010). Medscape . Retrieved 13 April 2018, from https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/734068_2
Martínez-Donate, A., Vera, L. M., Zhang, X., Vedro, R., Angulo, R., & Atkinson, T. (2013). Prevalence and correlates of breast and cervical cancer screening among a Midwest community sample of low-acculturated Latinas. Journal of health care for the poor and underserved , 24 (4), 1717.
Murillo, R., Herrero, R., Sierra, M. S., & Forman, D. (2016). Cervical cancer in Central and South America: Burden of disease and status of disease control. Cancer epidemiology , 44 , S121-S130.
Roland, K. B., Benard, V., Soman, A., Breen, N., Kepka, D., & Saraiya, M. (2013). Cervical cancer screening among young adult women in the United States. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers .
Saraiya, M., McCaig, L. F., & Ekwueme, D. U. (2010). Ambulatory care visits for Pap tests, abnormal Pap test results, and cervical cancer procedures in the United States. The American journal of managed care , 16 (6), e137-44.
Schiffman, M., & Solomon, D. (2013). Cervical-cancer screening with human papillomavirus and cytologic co-testing. New England Journal of Medicine , 369 (24), 2324-2331.
Solomon, D., Breen, N., & McNeel, T. (2007). Cervical cancer screening rates in the United States and the potential impact of implementation of screening guidelines. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians , 57 (2), 105-111.
Teitelman, A. M., Stringer, M., Averbuch, T., & Witkoski, A. (2009). Human papillomavirus, current vaccines, and cervical cancer prevention. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing , 38 (1), 69-80.
The HPV Vaccine: Access and Use in the U.S. (2017). The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation . Retrieved 13 April 2018, from https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/fact-sheet/the-hpv-vaccine-access-and-use-in/
