Information systems
An information system is made up of different components which interact while processing data. The main components include the hardware components, software components, data which acts as the raw material, defined procedures as well as people who are likely to interact with the information system. Hardware components are visible and tangible. Software components are, on the other hand, intangible but make it possible to interact with the computer system (Stair & Reynolds, 2012) . The porter’s model highlights the level of competition within the market environment. The model comes handy while running any business enterprise and explains why it is crucial to watch closely the competitive rivals because of the dynamic business environment. As a result, businesses ought to embrace a strategic approach with the intent of capitalizing on emerging opportunities. Many factors are, however, likely to influence the market environment at any particular time. The different forces also keep competing against each other.
Among the main forces include rivalry among competing firms; this could also make it hard for a firm to have its way thus compelling it to consider other avenues in order to make profits. Apart from rivaling firms, new entrants are bound to escalate the level of competition leading to a cutthroat competition. This can also reduce the chance of making much profit as anticipated. On the other hand, in the event of suppliers having a high bargaining power, most industries are likely to find it a bit hard to negotiate on pricing thus prone to spend much because of the limited level of substitutes in the market. At times, the threats posed by substitute firms can avail an alternate brand in the market thus providing consumers with a different choice. This can have a negative impact on the company in case the goods being offered happen to be of better quality. It is intended to attract more customers. There are, however, other markets where most consumers have a strong bargaining power. It may even make it hard for providers to consider upping their game in order to remain relevant in the market. This explains why most organizations embrace different moves like aggressive marketing, price battles, quality improvements just to name a few while seeking to attract more sells.
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Management information systems
These tools typically assist managers while going about decision making because of their efficient approach to organize, evaluate and represent information in a more concise way. Such systems are also so efficient when it comes to evaluating dynamic data. By comparing such information, critical decisions are likely to be arrived at fast. Management systems are also usually made up of hardware and software resources which interact to accomplish given tasks. There, however, exist different information systems tailor-made to meet certain requirements. Such systems carry out specific function as highlighted below.
A collaborative information system
As a result of the change being witnessed, many organizations have embraced the use of collaborative systems. These systems have the ability to avail the much-needed capability where a feedback provision is provided; one can still stream the different processes as well as procedures with the intent of improving on performance. It also embraces a team kind of approach but doesn’t necessarily have to be stationed within physical vicinity rather can also work remotely (Stair, 2012) . A lot can, therefore, be derived from this kind of experience because it creates room to accomplish work efficiently while seeing to attain a good outcome. Apart from this, the team is given an opportunity to grow its capability owing to the enhanced skills thus able to handle difficult tasks in the future. This can also lead to satisfaction among teams.
A database management system also addresses the data needs of any given organization. This is because it ensures efficient storage and retrieval of data within an organization. Such a system is also able to reduce redundancy thus implying that the chance of data duplications is limited. It is, thus very reliable to meet the ever-rising needs within an organization. A content management system refers to a system meant to help an organization propel its image online. Among such systems include; Joomla and WordPress. This makes it possible for organizations to manage their content with ease online without having to hardcode their site. In line with the agenda to capitalize on emerging opportunities, organizations embrace the use of expert systems at the management level while managing departmental roles such as inventory management (Stair, 2012) . The same applies at the operational level owing to the use of a customer relationship management system. A resource planning system is, on the other hand, ideal because of its ability to monitor how resources are utilized thus likely to assist in future planning. While recognizing the role played by social media, organizations have adopted its use. This also enhances how communication is done to market its service over such platforms.
Despite deriving a lot from the use of such technologies, businesses are still bound to experience a difficult encounter owing to the emergence of threats posed by humans but can still be occasioned technically. It explains why smart technologies have been embraced to limit the impact from such threats. This is ideally meant to deter and detect such threats before harm is experienced. By utilizing things like the use of passwords humans can be limited from accessing such systems but doesn’t always imply they are totally hindered from accessing such systems. Data backups can still be used as a standby measure to enhance data security (Valacich, Schneider & Jessup, 2018) .
Conclusion
In conclusion, a system development cycle simply refers to an organized approach from when the system initiation is planned and defined before undertaking the design. Once the design is established, system development takes place and followed by testing before deploying the system. The scrum approach makes use of an agile way of doing things while trying to adapt to the situation. A lot can, therefore, be derived from the use of MIS. This also explains why most organizations are embracing their use across the world.
References
Stair, R. M., & Reynolds, G. W. (2012). Information systems . Australia: Course Technology, Cengage Learning.
Stair, R. M. (2012). Principles of information systems: A managerial approach . Toronto: Nelson Education.
Valacich, J. S., Schneider, C., & Jessup, L. M. (2018). Information systems today: Managing in the digital world .
