Assignment 1
Upon the establishment of international police cooperation, many factors are regarded as being critical in the sustenance and promotion of its effectiveness. Guille (2010) observes that such factors, which include cultural, economic, environmental and political, have extensively triggered the need for a considerable level of police cooperation within Europe and beyond. Considering the economic factors, the introduction, and development of common economic integration and commerce such as the ones advanced by international bodies such as the Northern American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) as well as the European Union (EU) (Occhipinti, 2010). The lack of adequate capacity and political goodwill for individual states or nations to address security challenges on their own, especially concerning globalization, demonstrate political factors that have continued to trigger international police cooperation within Europe and across the globe. Based on environmental factor, there are growing rates of trafficking activities at the international level, the need to regionalize the markets existing within border region as well as the desire to combat criminal groups operating across transnational networks.
The horizontal mode presented by Occhipinti (2010) focuses on the establishment and advancement of a redirected perception which indicates that international police cooperation entails the desire for the accomplishment of a specific project or a collective will. Instead, the police cooperation at the international level happens to owe to individual bureaucratic priorities, strategies and certain interests determined by specific issues in particular regions across the globe. The argument by Lemieux (2010) concerning the conceptual framework behind the existence of international police cooperation leads to the identification of essential elements in fostering police cooperation. The conceptual view offered by Occhipinti (2010) describe a vertical model that plays a critical role in the demonstration of the various levels at which different forms of interrelated participations influence police cooperation. According to Guille (2010), the ability to coordinate police activities happening at the international level follows a stepwise model where different police institutions assume specific roles that are commensurate with their capacities. For example, the TREVI Group Agreement that was crafted in the year 1975 made it possible for different police institutions of member states within the European Union to engage closely and collaboratively in their fight against terrorism and drug trafficking (Lemieux, 2010).
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Assignment 2
Considering the emergence of international police cooperation in Europe over the years, one of the most impressive developments is the aspect of data sharing that happens between the United States and the European Union. This is because the impressive development has been playing a critical role in dealing with new forms of terrorism perpetrated though data sharing across the globe. Moreover, this kind of police cooperation has been described by some security analysts as controversial since it has managed to gain a substantial amount of legislative authority within the European Union. The future of police cooperation in Europe is more likely to come out with the objective of enhancing its effectiveness in tackling phenomena such as cybercrime, international crime, and terrorism (Guille, 2010).
This is because effective security is mostly influenced by the capacity of different nations working together collaboratively through their respective police institutions to share information and databases used in addressing the complex nature of the international crime. Certain factors would be most influential when it comes to shaping such future developments in the area of international police cooperation. These factors include the ability and capacity of individual nations in trusting one another, showing political goodwill and commitment as well as allocating sufficient resources towards strengthening the efficiency and effectiveness of the concept of international police cooperation (Lemieux, 2010). This is because the rate at which the sophistication of international crime grows can only be countered by different countries encouraging the police institutions to work in collaboration.
References
Guille, L. (2010). Police and Judicial Cooperation in Europe: Bilateral versus Multilateral Cooperation. In F. Lemieux (Ed.), International Police Cooperation: Emerging issues, theory, and practices . Cullompton UK: Willan Publishing.
Lemieux, F. (2010). The Nature and Structure of International Police Cooperation: An Introduction. In F. Lemieux (Ed.), International Police Cooperation: Emerging issues, theory, and practices . Cullompton UK: Willan Publishing.
Occhipinti, J. (2010). Parallel paths and productive partners: the EU and US on counter-terrorism. In F. Lemieux (Ed.), International Police Cooperation: Emerging issues, theory, and practices . Cullompton UK: Willan Publishing.
