There are many schools of thought that can fashion the values that society abides by. For instance, socialism prioritizes equality as the guiding principle, conservatism which is founded on traditions and liberalism who are advocates of liberty. Of all these views, James Madison was an advocate of pluralism. This perspective suggests that political moderation is superior to these mentioned approaches. Pluralism refers to a society where members of all religious, ethnic, racial or social groups maintain their culture within a common civilization. According to James Madison, this is achievable if all people avoid the element of extremism. People who are attached to and enforce one value cause a friction in the integration of unique views. It is crucial to analyze Madison’s ideas on pluralism and their application in the world today.
According to James Madison, pluralism ensures that a wide variety of interests are represented. Consequently, a small group of citizens such as the wealthy and political leaders will not have a disproportionate influence on the public. This conclusion was reached when he analyzed how a pluralist society would work. According to this organization, individuals with competing interests are united in governing a society. Therefore, no self-interests or singular values are protected but an integration of different cultures is allowed. Pluralism is an ideal form of democracy where a government includes all the people within the community. No party is forced to conform to the beliefs of another and an equal platform to make decisions is provided. Evidently, there is a blend of cultures and practices with time and individuals are able to co-exist. Madison adds that pluralism allows various groups to learn and understand each other ( Cassidy, 2006) . The small citizen groups have to incorporate ideas from other fractions. This borrowing and exchanging of ideas make the society richer and more cohesive.
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Evidently, the American government does represent this element of pluralism that James Madison was passionate about. For example, through voting citizens from around the world are able to speak up on issues that affect the nation as a whole. Also, the different arms of government assist in accountability and checking misuse of power. Therefore, even if a leader advocates a specific view such as liberalism, they must use their powers to execute the decision that majority of the people agree upon. No person or entity is given absolute power. They are answerable to the American people for every action or decision they execute in their capacity within the United States Government. Also, there are channels for communication that allow every person’s representation within the government. This representation is seen in the leaders who sit in the house of representative and argue for their people’s interests. There is little room for manipulation and extremist acts that isolate specific individuals because of their race, ethnicity, religion and social interactions.
In conclusion, it is important to mention that critics of pluralism discredit it for all the wrong reasons. For example, opposers have called it attractive in theory but impractical. Others suggest that pluralism is not effective if the people in charge are corrupt, dishonest and biased. However, it is impossible to discredit the fact that the effectiveness of democracy today is as a result of pluralism. James Madison, who founded the constitution and government structure, was aware of the diversity that America prides herself in. Therefore, he established a system that does not infringe on individual beliefs or practices. He created a society where people from different backgrounds, societies, and views can work together to build a strong nation. There are loopholes created by corrupt leaders and influenced citizens. Thus, citizens should work together to create awareness on these dangers that threaten to destroy a working and cohesive environment.
Reference
Cassidy, K. (2006). The Moral Veto: Framing Contraception, Abortion, and Cultural Pluralism in the United States. The Journal of American History .
