The K-12 standards of mathematics lay a foundation that provides students with an opportunity to be proficient in a mathematical manner, and this focuses on the application, fluency and procedural skills and conceptual understanding ( Louisiana Educators, 2017) . Conceptual understanding brings out the need to understand different mathematical relations, operations and concepts. It is more than knowing isolated methods and facts. It allows students to understand the importance of a mathematical idea and the contexts in which these ideas can be used ( Louisiana Educators, 2017) . It also presents an opportunity for students to connect previously obtained knowledge to new concepts and ideas.
Fluency and procedural skills also allow the opportunity for students to apply different procedures flexibly, efficiently and accurately. It needs accuracy and speed in the calculation and gives the students a chance to develop different basic skills ( Louisiana Educators, 2017) . The ability of a student to solve complex tasks and applications depend on fluency and procedural skills.
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The application aspect provides an essential context to learn and the opportunity through which people can solve problems in a meaningful and relevant way. Real-world applications allow the students to determine different and efficient methods to find a solution and to determine whether solutions will make sense through reasoning and the development of critical thinking skills ( Louisiana Educators, 2017) .
There are two areas where the standards focus and these are the standards for mathematical practice and standards for mathematical content. The standards for practice apply to different grade levels, and they describe the mathematically proficient students ( Louisiana Educators, 2017) . The standard for content is presented according to grades, and a high school course presents them. These are then organized by the different categories such as probability and statistics, geometry, modelling, functions, algebra and number and quantity.
These standards for mathematical practice are essential, and they assist in describing the different expertise types that educators can attempt to develop in their students. These practices rest on important proficiencies and processes, and they are highly essential in mathematics education. The standards for mathematical practice are created as students solve the different high-level tasks in mathematics that support habits, practices and approaches of the mind that are required in these standards.
Reference
Louisiana Educators. (2017). K-12 Louisiana Student Standards for Mathematics https://www.louisianabelieves.com/docs/default-source/teacher-toolbox-resources/louisiana-student-standards-for-k-12-math.pdf?sfvrsn=50
