During leaning, learners can be preoccupied as they may be worrying about other courses such as home life, physiological needs, extracurricular activities, and friends. When the learners are preoccupied with the concerns, achievement, and learning is negatively affected. The behavior of learners is dependent on the satisfaction of the lower order needs first followed by the higher order needs. First, the physiological needs such as food, shelter, sleep, and clothing need to be satisfied in order to motivate learners. For example, during training in healthcare and nursing, the staff may be insubordinate or cause destructions because of hunger. The first concern of a learner is obtaining food and then learning will come later (Freitas & Leonard, 2011) .
The second need that needs to be satisfied is safety. The learners need to feel safe from bodily harm in order to learn. For example, during the healthcare training, there should be a supportive and calm environment that does not trigger any security need. In relation to the love and belongingness and self-esteem needs, learners feel motivated to learn if they feel loved and they are cared about. Students are motivated to learn if the learning environment is interactive and engaging (Milheim, 2012) . For example, during the training, the learners will like to interact with each other and they would like to feel loved.
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Finally, the self-actualization need should be satisfied in order to help learners self-actualized. The learners should be encouraged to set realistic goals and ensure that they track their progress over time (Wu, 2012) . For example, during the healthcare training, the learners should be encouraged to set their own goals and ensure to track them. When all these needs have been satisfied, the obstacles that prevent learning will be removed, thus improving learning.
References
Freitas, F. A., & Leonard, L. J. (2011). Maslow's hierarchy of needs and student academic success. Teaching and learning in nursing, 6(1) , 9-13.
Milheim, K. L. (2012). Towards a better experience: Examining student needs in the online classroom through Maslow's hierarchy of needs model . Journal of online learning and teaching, 8(2) , 159.
Wu, W. (2012). The relationship between incentives to learn and Maslow's hierarchy of needs . Physics Procedia, 24 , 1335-1342.
