Chapter 7: Learning disabilities
Chapter of the book Human Exceptionality looks at learning disabilities. The chapter defines the term learning disability and provides the various types of learning disabilities. Another area that is addressed in this chapter is the characteristics of learning disability and how prevalent this condition is among learners ( Hardman, Drew & Egan, 2015). For example, one of the characteristics of learning disability mentioned in this chapter is poor memory. Other areas of learning disabilities which are addressed in this chapter include causes of learning disabilities, how to identify and assessment learning disabilities, and the interventions and treatments of people with learning disabilities.
This chapter provides insight into the issue of learning disabilities allowing one to learn the various aspects of learning disabilities. It can be realized from this chapter that learning disabilities does not comprise of acute cases such as eye-hand coordination problems but also subtle cases such as short attention span ( Hert et al., 2011) . The chapter allows one to understand how they can deal with these problems since it recommends the interventions which can be used. This chapter thereby serves as a crucial source of information for both parents and teachers.
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Chapter 8: Emotional/Behavioral Disorders
This chapter addresses the issue of emotional or behavioral disorders. The chapter defines what it means by emotional or behavioral disorders and provides the various types of emotional disorders. The classification is done using two systems which are the statistically derived classification and the clinically derived classification system ( Hardman, Drew & Egan, 2015) . The chapter also highlights the characteristics and prevalence of emotional/behavioral disorders and their causes. Lastly, the chapter provides ways in which emotional/behavioral disorders can be identified and assessed and the interventions and treatments which can be used to deal with the disorders.
This chapter provides great insight into emotional/behavioral disorders allowing the reader to understand the signs of these disorders. By providing the different systems of classifying emotional/behavioral disorders the chapter allows the reader to understand the different perspectives from which one can analyze emotional/behaviors disorders. The chapter also provides case studies that the reader can relate with and therefore learn quickly learn about emotional/behavioral disorders ( Hardman, Drew & Egan, 2015) . The chapter also provides ways in which emotional/behavioral disorders can be identified and dealt with through interventions and treatments, which is very educative.
Chapter 11: Autism spectrum disorder
Like chapter 7 and 8, chapter 11 also provides information on a medical condition, in this case, autism spectrum. The chapter provides the definition of autism spectrum, highlights its causes, its prevalence, and intervention and treatment methods which can be used to control the disorder ( Hardman, Drew & Egan, 2015) . Chapter also provides a number of case studies on autism spectrum disorder.
Like chapter 7 and 8, chapter 11 is also very educative in the sense that it provides crucial information about autism spectrum disorder. By defining the term autism spectrum disorder and providing its characteristics, this chapter allows the reader to understand what entails this condition. This information is crucial because it equips the reader with knowledge that can allow them to easily identify this condition among their family members ( Hert et al., 2011) . With regard to providing information on how the condition can be treated and the interventions which can be used to control it, the chapter equips the reader with knowledge that allows them deal with problem if it occurs in their family. This chapter is thereby an eye opener not only to medical practitioners but to anyone who reads it.
The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010
Summary
This article provides information about the prevalence of mental disorders and other neurological disorder in Europe as of 2010. The article involves a study which was carried out in Europe with regard to prevalence in mental and other neurological disorders (Wittchen et al., 2011). The method which was used in the study is the stepwise multi-method approach which consisted of systematic literature reviews, national surveys, expert consultations, and reanalyzes of existing data. The study involved data from Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and all members of the European Union.
From the study, it was established that about 38.2 percent of the population in the European Union suffers from mental disorders. This corresponds to 164.8 million individuals. This is a substantial increase when compared to 2005 which was 27.4 percent. However, the authors point out this is because 14 new disorders were included in the study. In addition, the study also covered children and the elderly. It was established in the study that the common disorders were anxiety disorders which comprised of 14 percent of the disorders, insomnia with 7 percent, major depression with 6.9 percent, somatoform with 6.3 percent, drug and alcohol dependence, ADHD, and dementia (Wittchen et al., 2011). It was also discovered in the study that there were no major variations among cultures or countries for the various disorders apart from mental retardation and substance use disorders. It was thereby concluded that mental disorders and other neurological disorders contribute substantially to the total burden of disorders in the European and the EU had a higher prevalence of mental disorders when compared to other regions.
References
Hardman, M. L., Drew, C. J., & Egan, M. W. (2015). Human exceptionality: School, community, and family . Nelson Education.
Hert, M., Correll, C. U., Bobes, J., Cetkovich ‐ Bakmas, M. A. R. C. E. L. O., Cohen, D. A. N., Asai, I., & Newcomer, J. W. (2011). Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World psychiatry , 10 (1), 52-77.
Wittchen, H. U., Jacobi, F., Rehm, J., Gustavsson, A., Svensson, M., Jönsson, B., & Fratiglioni, L. (2011). The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. European Neuropsychopharmacology , 21 (9), 655-679.
