Nutrition is the introduction of raw materials such as foods for utilization. In nursing, it is essential for people to observe the types of foods that they eat because it helps in disease prevention — also, nutrition assists in identifying certain diseases, which might have been caused by poor dieting. Components of food in the diet include carbohydrates, proteins, water, fats, and minerals. Metabolism, on the other hand, is the breakdown of chemicals in living organisms, and it involves catabolism and anabolism (Berdanier, & Berdanier, 2015). Catabolism assists in molecules breakdown for the body to obtain energy while anabolism helps in synthesizing compounds needed by the body cells.
Carbohydrates & Proteins
Carbohydrates are the energy giving foods required by the body. Types of carbohydrates include sugar, starch, and glucose, which is the primary source of energy for humans. Therefore, all body tissues depend on glucose for every activity. Besides, sugars are turned into glucose through metabolism before it is used by the body tissues (Berdanier, & Berdanier, 2015). Proteins, however, helps in building and repairing muscles. Also, proteins help in all body functions, such as forming cell structures and forming hemoglobin to transport oxygen. Since proteins contain amino acids, they are significant to nutrition.
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Energy Expenditures
The number of activities performed in a day by individual results to calories burns out, which is the energy expenditure. The energy expenditure as a result of calorie burn out is calculated, adding thirty percent of the basal energy expenditure of calories to the day’s activity (Chowdhury et al., 2017). Moderate activities consist of fifty percent calories burn out, while strenuous exercise consist of one hundred percent calories burns out.
Appetite Control
The desire to eat is referred to as appetite. Sometimes, the urge to eat more food due to increased thirst can be caused by hunger. However, the taste can be reduced through satiety. Therefore, appetite exists in all life-forms, which the energy used to control metabolic substances. Controlling appetite is significant because it will ensure appropriate dieting.
Vitamins & Minerals
During metabolism, minerals do not contribute to energy production but play a significant role in regulating metabolic pathways of the body. Some of the essential minerals of the body include calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, and potassium. Vitamins, on the other hand, are vital organic compounds, which individual entity cannot synthesize (Berdanier, & Berdanier, 2015). Besides, vitamins should be present in the diet. Therefore, significant vitamins for metabolism include Vitamin A, B2, and Nicotinic acid.
Healthy Eating
Healthy eating is vital for good health. Besides, healthy eating protects the body from chronic diseases such as diabetes and cancer. A healthy diet should have a variety of foods, fewer salts, and less industrially manufactured fats (Haro et al., 2016). Also, stables like cereals, legumes, fruits and vegetables, and foods from animal sources. A healthy diet is as well significant to breastfeeding women or pregnant women for their baby’s consumptions.
Lifespan-Changes
The types of food an individual determine their health and lifespan. When it comes to nutrition, there are particular things that people should not partake in to stay healthy. People are expected to consider what they include in their diets to stay healthy without any interference with their lifespan. Therefore, people should avoid things like excessive smoking and drinking because they can cause change to an individual lifespan. Instead, people must take proper diets according to nutrition for a healthy living.
References
Berdanier, C. D., & Berdanier, L. A. (2015). Advanced nutrition: macronutrients, micronutrients, and metabolism . CRC Press.
Haro, C., Montes-Borrego, M., Rangel-Zúñiga, O. A., Alcalá-Díaz, J. F., Gómez-Delgado, F., Pérez-Martínez, P. & López-Miranda, J. (2016). Two healthy diets modulate gut microbial community improving insulin sensitivity in a human obese population. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology , 101(1), 233-242.
Chowdhury, E. A., Western, M. J., Nightingale, T. E., Peacock, O. J., & Thompson, D. (2017). Assessment of laboratory and daily energy expenditure estimates from consumer multi-sensor physical activity monitors. PloS one, 12(2), e0171720.
