The prevalence of diabetes is rising at an alarming rate across the globe. Earlier, diabetes was considered a mild disorder but has now become a major morbidity and mortality cause affecting both the young and old. Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus differently impact populations depending on age, race, gender, and ethnicity among other factors. Diabetes insipidus occurs as a result of an abnormality in the functioning of antidiuretic hormone commonly known as vasopressin (Bockenhaeur & Bichet, 2015). On the other hand, diabetes mellitus culminates from lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas (Zaccardi, Webb, Yates & Davies, 2016) Insulin levels become insufficient to maintain a normal glucose level leading to development of hyperglycemia and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
While it might be impossible to define the onset age of diabetes, a person’s age and gender increase the risks of being diagnosed with the condition. Among older adults, diabetes mellitus is frequently diagnosed. A recent study by the American Diabetes Association reveals that approximately one-third of the adults over 65 years in the U.S. are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (American Diabetes Association, 2016). On the other hand diabetes insipidus is prevalent in young children under the age of eighteen. The prescription of treatment of diabetes in the elderly should be individualized. Particularly hypoglycemia, hypotension, and drug interactions as a result of multiple drug use should be avoided. For younger populations, treatment should be based on medications as well as change in lifestyle and diet.
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
Notably, gender has a significant impact on the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for the two types of diabetes. In both diabetes mellitus and insipidus females have higher chances of diagnosis than men. Recent studies indicate that over the last three decades there are more cases of incidence of diabetes in women than there are in men (Liu et al, 2018). The disparity further affects the prescription of treatment. Men are advised on quitting habits such as drinking and smoking while women are prescribed to treatment of healthy and nutritious diet. The ideal care of diabetes is to reduce cardiovascular risk factors as well as increase a life expectancy with quality life.
References
American Diabetes Association. (2016). 10. Older adults. Diabetes Care , 39 (Supplement 1), S81-S85.
Bockenhauer, D., & Bichet, D. G. (2015). Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Nature Reviews Nephrology , 11 (10), 576.
Liu, Y., Yu, Y., Nickel, J. C., Iwasaki, L. R., Duan, P., Simmer ‐ Beck, M., & Brown, L. (2018). Gender differences in the association of periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. International dental journal , 68 (6), 433-440.
Zaccardi, F., Webb, D. R., Yates, T., & Davies, M. J. (2016). Pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 90-year perspective. Postgraduate medical journal , 92 (1084), 63-69.
