11 Jun 2022

35

Primary and Secondary Reinforcers

Format: APA

Academic level: College

Paper type: Coursework

Words: 247

Pages: 1

Downloads: 0

Items or activities that I enjoy 

Sleeping 

Travelling 

Studying 

Eating 

Browsing

Primary reinforces 

• Sleeping 

• Eating 

Secondary reinforces 

• Browsing 

• Studying 

• Travelling 

Reinforcers are aspects that encourage an individual to adopt a certain behavior (Sescousse et al., 2013) . Primary enhances are mainly biological and are difficult to live without. Secondary reinforcers are directly or indirectly related to the primary enforcers. Primarily, they are manifested in the instance that a stimulus, in association with a particular primary enforcer help in enforcing the behavior of interest ( Westlund, 2018) . 

Sleeping and eating are primary reinforcers because, without food, the body cannot generate the necessary energy to continue functioning. On the other hand, without sleep, one cannot get rejuvenated and continue working properly. 

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Browsing, studying and travelling are secondary reinforcers because one can do without them. Besides, they can be used as complements to the primary reinforcers. 

Studying, a secondary reinforcer can be paired with sleeping. This is because one can motivate themselves to study so as to have a peaceful, stress less sleep ahead of an exam or a test. Another pair would be browsing and eating. For a given research that would require browsing on the internet, one can encourage themselves to get done with it, after which, they could treat themselves to a desirable snack. 

Browsing and studying might have come to be secondary reinforcers due to less priorities given to such activities in spaces where basic needs, which are primary reinforcers are a priority. Browsing could also be paired with sleeping and studying paired with eating. 

References  

Sescousse, G., Caldú, X., Segura, B., & Dreher, J. C. (2013). Processing of primary and secondary rewards: a quantitative meta-analysis and review of human functional neuroimaging studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews , 37 (4), 681-696. 

Westlund, K. (2018). Formal Definitions of “Primary” and “Secondary” Reinforcers Promote More Efficient Animal Training. Journal of Animal Behavior Technology , 8 (1). 

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