Psychosexual development theory is the concept that illustrates the development of sexual drive and instinctual libido from childhood to adulthood ( Laplanche, 2015) . The sexual energy of individuals is developed in five stages in different erogenous zones that act as the source of instinctual libido. These zones include oral, anal, phallic, and latent ( Laplanche, 2015) . I chose to discuss the topic as it directly relates to the children’s development of mental disorders such as neurosis. According to scientific studies, children who are either traumatized or frustrated in their psychosexual development experience have high chances of developing anxiety that leads to the mental dysfunctions. People who exude the antisocial sexual behaviors such as lesbians and gays experienced sexual frustrations in their childhood psychosexual development. Our experiences define our sexual identities in the five stages of development.
The oral stage occurs from birth to the age of one year. The erogenous zone at this stage is the mouth, and the child is orally active as shown by chewing objects such as pens and pencils. However, the child is passive in some oral activities such as kissing, smoking, and sexual practices. The anal stage occurs between the age of one and three years ( Laplanche, 2015) . The erogenous zone at this stage is the bowel and bladder. At this phase, the child becomes excessively organized and neat. The phallic stage occurs between the age of three and six years while the erogenous zone is the genitalia. Latent stage occurs between the age of six and puberty and is characterized by dormant sexual feelings. The genital phase occurs between puberty and death. At this stage, the sexual interests mature and human being is characterized by frigidity and unsatisfactory relationships as a result of psychological fixation ( Laplanche, 2015) .
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At the phallic stage, I became conscious of my gender and also learnt that I had a different sexual orientation as compared to other children from the different gender. I began to gratify my curiosity at the age of 5 years by undressing other children to evaluate their gender. At the age of 6 years, I learnt the difference between the physical features of the male and female children. I also developed the Oedipus complex that results from the competition with my father for the possession of my mother. As such, I developed an emotional antagonism against my father who always slept with my mother ( Laplanche, 2015) .
The four forces of the biopsychosocial framework include biological, psychological, sociocultural, and life-cycle ( Kail, and Cavanaugh, 2018) . The biological forces encompass the genetic aspects that influence human development. For instance, if an individual has the gene of premature baldness, then their offspring are also likely to have the same physical attributes. The psychological forces entail cognitive and personality aspects that influence human development. For instance, if one realizes that bleeding results in pain, then they will develop a natural fear for any activities that could led to shedding blood. The sociocultural forces encompass the ethnic aspects that affect human development. For instance, children who grew up in a patriarchal society will tend to empower the boys more than the girls. Life-cycle forces are precipitated by brain maturation, menopause, self-esteem and facial wrinkling ( Kail, and Cavanaugh, 2018) . Therefore, when women attain a given old age, they lose the ability to conceive as a result of their menopause stage. The psychological forces relate to the theory of psychosexual development from the cognitive aspect. During the phallic stage, children become cognitive of their gender. Additionally, the children realize that their sexual organs differ depending on their gender. As such, the kids will get attracted to the other children of the same gender as a result of psychological influences.
References
Kail, R. V., & Cavanaugh, J. C. (2018). Human development: A life-span view . Cengage Learning.
Laplanche, J. (2015). The temptation of biology: Freud's theories of sexuality. Trans. Donald Nicholson-Smith. New York: The Unconscious in Translation .
