Urinary tract infections are frequent in the United States, with approximately eight to ten million physician visits annually (Mullin et al., 2017). The bacteria infection is more severe in women than men. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is prevalent due to creating an environment for the bacterium to develop in the catheters. It is crucial to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections because it is a growing public health concern and exposes healthcare facilities to reimbursement claims and lawsuits. This proposal aims to apply the Newman System Theory to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in older adult women.
Newman's systems theory provides a best practice model for nursing practice. This theory considers the patient as a client in a continuous system that includes nurses, external and internal environment, treatment and interventions, and patient wellness promoted by nursing practice (Mullin et al., 2017). The rationale for selecting the Newman theory is that it emphasizes mitigation of stressors, and prevention is the primary intervention. Primary prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection is applied in patient-assisted intervention to reduce the possible and actual risk factors for infection (Philop & Hober, 2020). It has been proven that inadequate catheter management and insertion technique exposes the patients to a severe bladder infection, requiring more extended hospital stays, which increases the overall cost of healthcare.
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The application of concepts of primary and secondary prevention are critical in managing catheter-associated UTI. It is vital to ensure that the catheter insertion occurs under aseptic conditions to ensure no pre-infection (Saint et al., 2016). Moreover, it is essential to administer antibiotics before the insertion because the probability that bacteria for urinary tract infection to grow is certain. Furthermore, nursing expertise is needed to ensure that the catheter insertion and maintenance are flawless to reduce the severity of the infection (Saint et al., 2016). Furthermore, nurses are expected to make informed decisions on whether the catheter needs to be invasive or not. Indwelling poses more risks of urinary tract infection than condom catheter; hence as best practice, the lesser invasive catheter is more advisable.
References
Mullin, K. M., Kovacs, C. S., Fatica, C., Einloth, C., Neuner, E. A., Guzman, J. A., & Fraser, T. G. (2017). A multifaceted approach to reduction of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the intensive care unit with an emphasis on "stewardship of culturing." infection control & hospital epidemiology , 38 (2), 186-188. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/multifaceted-approach-to-reduction-of-catheterassociated-urinary-tract-infections-in-the-intensive-care-unit-with-an-emphasis-on-stewardship-of-culturing/305ED5B4211AF017C90B0779B74ACDDF
Philop, G., & Hober, C. (2020). Effects of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Prevention Protocol in Intensive Care Patients.
https://scholars.fhsu.edu/sacad_2020/69/
Saint, S., Greene, M. T., Krein, S. L., Rogers, M. A., Ratz, D., Fowler, K. E., & Fakih, M. G. (2016). A program to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection in acute care. New England Journal of Medicine , 374 (22), 2111-2119.
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1504906
NB: All sources are level VI evidence of single descriptive studies.
