Article
The article “ Piaget's Theory: The 4 Stages of Cognitive Development ” by Kendra Cherry discusses the Piaget’s theory, according to the article, the second stage Piaget Stages of Cognitive Development is known as the Preoperational Stage and is marked by the emergence of language. Cherry observes that this is this a significant part of Piaget’s theory because it proposes that children are capable of symbolic thought. The author further elaborates that Children exploit language to represent ideas, people, and objects symbolically. The author observes in her article that whereas the thinking of children become more enhanced and sophisticated, they still struggle with logical reasoning and mentally transforming the information. In her, article Cherry depicts that Piaget’s experiments demonstrated. The author gives an example, when kids are at the preoperational stage they face many difficulties in having a conversation with any person. Normally when kids are examined using a liquid poured in two water glass, and then they are transferred to another two glasses on being short and wide while the other is tall and thin. Most kids will say they are equal, but kids at the preoperational stage will acknowledge the thin glass to have more water than the wide container. Also, the author has elaborated that the preoperational stage is also manifested by an incapability to take alternative individual’s viewpoint, that is known as egocentrism to the Piaget. After Piaget experimented on children to identify scenes depicted by another person, they were not able to do so and instead; they picked scenes that they could only imagine proving that it was difficult for them to imagine in another perspective
First Website
The website “ Sociological Images ” addresses different stages of cognitive development in Piaget’s theory. According to the website, the second stage is known as the preoperational stage and it last from age two until seven years of age, kids start being able to grasp symbols. The website gives examples of what children can do during this stage, for instance, drawing multiple squares incorporated with a triangle on top to present a house. Children should be able to learn and comprehend alphabetical letters in symbols that can be written and read. Unlikely, most children do not understand abstract concepts like weight, speed and amount. The point can be proved through the experiment conducted by Piaget on children using liquids poured into some narrow and wide containers into the glasses; children still had difficulties in identifying which liquid is more even if it still the same.
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Second Website
The website “ Psychology Classics: Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development ” depicts that the second stage is known as a Preoperational stage and occurs between 2-7 years. The writer observed that in stage two, motors skills are acquired by the students. Nevertheless, most children are acknowledged to be attached to pattern play without thinking logically. Majorly, children at the preoperational stage are fixated on the egocentric mind and tend to rely on what they think that what other children think since they cannot conceptualize on what others think (e.g., “My favorite food is macaroni, so my friend Michael’s favorite food is also macaroni!”). Additionally, this stage shows how to engage in a great deal (e.g., pretending that a cardboard box is a racecar; having tea parties with stuffed animals or imaginary friends).
According to the website, the most distinguished intellectual characteristics of the centration stage are related to the inability to comprehend conservation. When centration experiment is conducted with children, they tend to uphold one concept and ignoring other properties leading to a false conclusion. Also, another way of experimenting to acknowledge that children lack conservation, the experiment of the same amount of water is poured into a thin and long glass while the other is placed in a wide container. Most of the children will pick the taller and skinny glass to be having more water showing they lack conservation.
References
Cherry Kendra (2017). Piaget's Theory: The 4 Stages of Cognitive Development.
https://www.verywell.com/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development-2795457
Gwen Sharp . ( 2009). Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development: Experiments with Kids. Sociological Images
https://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2009/09/15/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development-experiments-with-kids/
Schonberg Christina. (2013). Psychology Classics: Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development. Psychology in Action.
https://www.psychologyinaction.org/psychology-in-action-1/2013/04/21/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development
