The likelihood of the new child having the sickle cell disease is one out four. Considering that both the parents have the disease, an implication that they are a pathogenic variant, the chances of the child being born with the disease are 25% (Bender, 2017). However, there is also a one out of four chances that the child may be born without the sickle cell disease.
The chances of the baby being born as a carrier of the sickle cell trait are one out of two. The one out of two chances is necessitated by the fact that a baby may inherit one copy of the hemoglobin S gene from their parents, and consequently have the sickle cell trait.
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Amelia having been born with parents that are a pathogenic variant, there is a one out of two chances that she is a carrier of the sickle cell trait. This is a suggestion that the sickle cell being an autosomal recessive (Sickle Cell Society, 2017), Amelia’s children will only have the trait and not the disease. This is because for the sickle cell disease to be inherited by the children, at least one parent should have the disease.
Pharmacological Treatment Options
Nitric Oxide is one of the most common pharmacologic treatment options for sickle cell disease. This is because it acts as a strong vasodilator as it is usually less in patients with sickle cell disease (Ndefo et al. 2008). It is a therapeutic choice due to its ability to edge sickling of the red blood cells.
Niprisan has also been identified as a sickle cell disease treatment due to its anti-sickling abilities. This is because it can delay the polymerization time of the deoxy-hemoglobin S.
L-Arginine also complements the abilities of the pulmonary arteries to sustain pressure. This is because it well tolerated with marginal adverse effects on patients.
References
Bender MA.(2017). Sickle cell disease. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, et al., editors. University of Washington, WA: Seattle. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1377/.
Ndefo, U., A., Maxwell, A., E., Nguyen, H., & Chiobi, T. L. (2008). Pharmacological management of sickle cell disease. J ournal for Formulary Management , 33 (4), 238–243.
Sickle Cell Society. (2017). Inheritance of sickle cell anemia. Retrieved from https://www.sicklecellsociety.org/resource/inheritance-sickle-cell-anaemia/ .
