Dear Student 1
You correctly pointed out the primary duty of social welfare that is universal and applicable to your country as well, which is bettering the quality of life. However, your mention of leaders and charitable works directing services to “their families” sounds discriminating on its own. Social work services should know no family boundaries. As you mentioned, settlement houses are among the most vital basic needs that social welfare programs have provided and should continue providing for the needy. However, this rhetoric, mostly exploited in politics while seeking mileage, should move to establish systems that empower the needy with income-generating activities to afford cheaper settlement options rather than free settlements (Brady et al., 2016). As you mentioned, religions have been at the forefront of providing aid. This resonates with my belief that religions should lead other entities into identifying and helping the socially deprived. This should move beyond temporary donations to the establishing of affordable educational institutions and healthcare facilities affiliated to religious groups. Notably, private entities and government institutions are following the spiritual footsteps with corporate social responsibility programs that attend to unattended needs (Hao et al., 2018). However, terming government services as “help” does not resonate with my belief. Governments should be mandated to provide social welfare services. Lastly, your social welfare occupations, narrowed down to activities tackling discrimination and oppression, healthy human growth, health, and legal aid are well put and sums up your exemplary discussion.
References
Brady, D., Burton, L. M., & James B Duke Professor of Sociology Linda M Burton. (2016). How politics and institutions shape poverty and inequality. In The Oxford handbook of the social science of poverty . Oxford University Press.
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Hao, Y., Farooq, Q., & Zhang, Y. (2018). Unattended social wants and corporate social responsibility of leading firms: Relationship of intrinsic motivation of volunteering in proposed welfare programs and employee attributes. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management , 25 (6), 1029-1038. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1681
Dear Student 2
Your history of the origin and evolution of social welfare programs is chronologically accurate. The pre-industrialization phase had social welfare activities primarily left out to the religious groups and community-initiated programs. The two groups were, however, faulty and discriminating on their own. As you pointed out, the criteria for eligibility favored orphans, widows, and persons living with disabilities. This left out other vulnerable groups that did not match up with the religious definition of the needy.
Despite the shortfalls from the religious founders of social welfare programs, you have correctively identified the transition period in the history of social welfare. As you mentioned, the industrialization and post-industrialization age introduced different forms and causes of social needs, leading to the introduction of new groups such as prisoners, the homeless, and persons living with AIDS (Hall, 2008, p. 390). Tackling the ineffective structures of fighting the imbalances, rather than offering aid was identified as the most effective way of eliminating social problems (Øversveen & Eikemo, 2018). However, new forms of disparities are expected to persist with every evolution in the life of humankind, such as the impoverished class of workers that you have mentioned. Apart from the provision of health services, which you have correctly identified as key, education programs should also go along health services to ensure a healthy and mentally empowered population.
References
Hall, R. (2008). The evolution of social work practice: Implications for the generalist approach. International Journal of Social Welfare , 17 (4), 390-395. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2008.00558.x
Øversveen, E., & Eikemo, T. A. (2018). Reducing social inequalities in health: Moving from the ‘causes of the causes’ to the ‘causes of the structures’. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health , 46 (1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494818756574
