Dukkha loses meaning when translated to English because the historical Buddha did not speak English. Essentially, the original meaning implies that life is suffering, which does not translate to the negative way of suffering but finding happiness in endurance (Teasdale & Chaskalson, 2011). Even though, Dukkha is hard to understand because it comprises of the four noble truths which are the foundations of Buddhism. As Dukkha originally means suffering, it includes both the emotional, physical, and mental suffering. Humans suffer forever because they hardly realize happiness and great success (Teasdale & Chaskalson, 2011). These events are impermanent or subject to change. Life itself is Dukkha. This does not mean that enjoying happiness, bliss, and success is a bad thing. Humans do not want to understand the suffering that they want to blame their suffering/troubles and problems to others (Teasdale & Chaskalson, 2011). Buddha states that the root problem to human problems is the human mind. Humans crave desire the unfulfilled needs that turn to be their problems
Reference
Teasdale, J. D., & Chaskalson, M. (2011). How does mindfulness transform suffer? I: the nature and origins of dukkha. Contemporary Buddhism , 12 (01), 89-102.
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Four Noble Truths
The standard definition of dukkha teaches that life is all about suffering. Greed is the primary cause of suffering and will end the moment humans will stop being greedy. The only way to overcome greed is following the eightfold path. The four noble truths ar Dukkh, which is the truth of suffering, samudaya, which is the cause of suffering, nirhodha- end of suffering and magga, which is the path of freedom from suffering. Many people quit Buddhism because they cannot overcome the suffering. However, if they sought to understand the Four noble truths, they will understand Buddhism clearer. In Dukkha, Buddha did not only mean that life is about suffering but taught that one could find happiness like in family life. Samudaya teaches that greed is the primary cause of suffering. Greed leads to the ignorance of self. The third noble truth is the nirrhodha, which teaches that diligent practices end cravings. Lastly, magga, which insists on the ethical conduct of individuals.
Reference
Anderson, C. (2013). Pain and its ending: The four noble truths in the Theravada Buddhist canon . Routledge.
