The article “Prevention in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Lifelong Focused Approach” by Francis et al. discusses how preventive measures can be integrated to reduce the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and its risk factors. Through the research question: does the management of risk factors during different developmental stages such as preconception, and the prenatal period in the first three years of development and effective training through adulthood impactful for ASD? It is interesting because it focuses on ways to reduce ASD by coordinating genetic, social and environmental factors. The study’s hypothesis is; early interventions approaches lower the possibility for ASD. Independent variable is the intervention approaches while the dependent variable is the ASD that the researchers observe.
The researchers utilized data from previous studies on early interventions. This includes Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy (PACT) involving parents and children for six months. Also, Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC) involved a younger group between 24-48 months. Additionally, the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) engaged toddlers who were 30 months old for 15.2 weeks. The results analyzed indicated that 70% of communication improved in social setups, and repetitive behavior was detected. Also, protection from adverse environmental and hereditary factors, children born prematurely and nutritional deficiencies increase risk of ASD.
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The results are crucial because they indicate that individuals with ASD and parents can adapt to adaptive functioning based approach at an early stage. The results have positive implications for healthcare and communities to increase adaptive functioning that can help compensate for skills and behaviors that make ASD a hindrance to a quality life. Through early intervention options, risk factors are identified, which yields obvious gains as preventative measures can be integrated to maximize the benefits and minimize the environmental adversities that might affect normal functioning.
Reference
Francis, K., Karantanos, G., Al-Ozairi, A.; AlKhadhari, S. (2021). Prevention in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Lifelong Focused Approach. Brain Sci . 151.https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020151
