Humans are still evolving, and various reasons certify this claim. Current research has shown that humans are always evolving despite the ongoing industrialization and technology. Humans have evolved from primates, mainly genus Homo, to the emergence of Homo sapiens, the species the modern human beings belong to. Thanks to the genomic revolution, scientists have been able to analyze and track the population-level genetic shift that has shown evolution in humans (Mitteroecker, 2019). Research has also shown that human genomes have changed for decades. (Mitteroecker (2019) also depicts that once a new trait has developed, it has to outspread through a population. For example, researchers claim that genes that control lactose tolerance have increased. Many people have developed a genetic mutation that enables them to tolerate dairy products unlike several years ago when people used to get sick after drinking milk.
Mass extinction is the extinction of a significant number of species in a somewhat period of geological time as a result of fatal global events or unfavorable environmental changes that happen too fast that the species cannot tolerate. One example of a major mass extinction is the Ordovician mass extinction (Bergquist, 2017). The extinction occurred about 440 million years ago during The Ordovician Period of the Paleozoic Era. The extinction was caused by a subsequent climate change and continental drift that eliminated about 85% of the species. Another example of mass extinction is The Triassic-Jurassic Mass Extinction (Bergquist, 2017). The extinction occurred about 200 million years ago. A volcanic activity with basalt flooding, changes in pH and sea levels of the ocean and also a global climate change was the cause of the extinction.
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Population change is the difference in the total number of individuals in a certain geographical in a certain period of time. The factors that have an effect on population include migration, birth, and demise. Birth leads to an increase in population while demise causes a decline in population. Also, international migration contributes to the changes in a geographical area.
References
Bergquist, B. A. (2017). Mercury, volcanism, and mass extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 114 (33), 8675-8677.
Mitteroecker, P. (2019). How human bodies are evolving in modern societies. Nature Ecology & Evolution , 3 (3), 324-326.
