Used as an umbrella term, the American Civil Rights Movement refers to numerous activisms that sought to fight for full rights of African Americans in the economic, political, and social aspects. The timeline for the activism was from1946 to 1968. Activism in the Civil Rights Movement involved lawsuits, black power, direct action by massive crowds, lobbying to the federal government. Following the Civil War came a period of Reconstruction during which the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments established a legal foundation for political equality of African Americans. However, regardless of the efforts rose the racial segregation by Jim Crow. The American Civil Rights Movement emergence was a response for white supremacy that led to unfulfilled promises of equality.
Most of the memories of the Civil Rights Movement are found in photographs, news, speeches, and even court cases. As the movement enrolled in the nation in the 60s, people involved were met with hostility and ambivalence from the police. Two of the main iconic struggles that laid the foundation for equality of African Americans were the campaign by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) against lynching and segregation of education. The latter culminated in one of the landmark cases, Brown v. Board of Education which led to the outlawing of segregated education. Another event that formed the foundation for social change is the Montgomery Bus Boycott on 30 th November 1955. A year later, the court ruled that keeping buses segregated was not allowed by the United States Constitution.
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Over the years the American Civil Rights Movement has racked up numerous victories in a bid to fight for the rights of African Americans and women. The election of Barrack Obama as the first African American president is a revelation of how far the struggle for equality has come. Regardless of the achievement, there is still more work to be done. The goal of full equality has not been realized as we continue to witness the massive incarceration of African Americans. However, the various strategies involved by the Civil Rights Movement have seen African Americans achieve political, economic, and social rights.
