The Babylonian captivity, which is also known as Babylonia exile, is the time in Jewish history when several people from Judah became captives in Babylonia. Shortly after the battle of Carchemish, King Nebuchadnezzar surrounded Jerusalem, which resulted in tribute being given to King Jehoiakim. However, King Jehoiakim refused to provide his tributes to Nebuchadnezzar in the fourth year, which led to another siege in the seventh year, which culminated with the death of Jehoiakim as well as the exile of King Jeconiah and many others. The Kingdom of Judah was regarded as the client state belonging to the Assyrian empire in the late 7th century BCE. Towards the last decades of the century, Babylon overthrew Assyria, which was an Assyrian province.
On the other hand, Egypt was afraid of the rise of the Neo-Babylonian Empire took control of the territory of the Assyrians extending to the Euphrates River situated in Syria. However, Babylon counter-attacked. It was during this time that King Josiah was killed during the battle of Megiddo.
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Despite many warnings by Jeremiah, Zedekiah decided to revolt against Babylon and later got into an alliance with Pharaoh. Then Nebuchadnezzar returned, and he defeated the Egyptians, and he besieged Jerusalem, which led to the destruction of the city wall as well as the temple. Also, houses of famous people. Moreover, Zedekiah and his sons got captured, and the sons executed in front of their father, who had been blinded and also taken to Babylon alongside others. Judah was then made a Babylonian province and was named Yehud, which brought to an end the kingdom of Judah, which was independent. Gedaliah, who was the first governor to be appointed in Babylon, asked the Jews to return to their countries.
