BRIC nations have resolved to form alliances of sharing ideas to tackle the challenge of climate change. The organization comprises of developing nations, skeptical about climate change policies enacted by developed countries. In the context of climate change, numerous theories can be applied to explain it and they include anthropogenic global warming, bio-thermostat, cloud formation and albedo, human forcings, ocean currents, planetary motion, and solar variability (Rahman & Turay, 2018). Notably, although climate change has mostly been associated with natural scientists, recent times have seen social scientists joining the carbon emission discussion, and contributing towards government policies. From a political perspective, climate change relies on public bureaucracies to establish and implement efficient and effective measures (Rahman & Turay, 2018). When brought together, policies of climate change play a significant role in the climate policy implementation.
Research conducted on BRICS regarding climate change mitigation within the forestry sector has shown new results. In this sector alone, BRICS has displayed unrelenting efforts and unwavering support towards climate mitigation. The cooperation and sharing of knowledge is likely to bring additional benefits in minimizing carbon emissions from forests and establishing tools for Safeguards Information Systems (SIS). Notably, the policies of climate change identified by BRICS are significant as they provide a viable ground for future negotiations (Rahman & Turay, 2018). Recent empirical study on IPCC reports indicates BRICS assumes a promising position in matters climate change. A study on carbon emissions indicate that, BRICS are heavily affected, although samples of between 1980-2011 show differences among countries. One group consists of Russia and Brazil, while another comprises of South Africa, India, and China (Rahman & Turay, 2018).
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
Policies of climate change in BRICS are two-fold. The ones followed by individual BRICS countries prior to its formation, and ones passed following summits. Prior to BRICS summit, countries had informal meetings that ended without clear-cut declarative sentiments. During the first BRICS summit held on July 2009 at Russia, the major issue on the table was Global Food Safety (Rahman & Turay, 2018). However, an indication was issued that the nations forming BRICS were ready for dialogues on climate change. The second BRICS summit at Brazil attracted G7 and G10 players interested on the climate change topic (Rahman & Turay, 2018). Declaration Statement 17 was specific on climate change initiatives taken jointly by BRICS. They observed the need for global action towards climate change as it had become a serious threat. The third BRICS summit at China involved an intense discussion on climate change and change of systems by the developed nations (Rahman & Turay, 2018). The fourth summit was held in New Delhi and the debate bolstered with BRICS demanding international cooperation more so on the use of renewable and clean energy, and development of safe nuclear energy. In the summits that followed, Kyoto Protocol was discussed, promotion of agricultural technologies, importance of nuclear energy, and promotion of green energy and low-carbon economy (Rahman & Turay, 2018).
In view of climate change policies by BRICS, the claims made during the official declaration must be identified in regards to carbon emissions and energy consumption data. Five core climate change indicators are evident in the regards to BRICS adherence and performance to climate change policies (Rahman & Turay, 2018). The indicators include primary energy consumption, fuel classification of primary energy consumption, natural gas production, and the fourth and fifth include emissions of CO 2 in different perspectives and it seeks to establish whether BRICS have experienced minimized carbon emissions. In overall, study has detailed information on the issues surrounding climate change in BRICS. Although BRICS have not managed to outperform OECD, non-OECD and EU nations, it has come up with workable policies of mitigating climate change.
References
Rahman, M.N. & Turay, A.M. (2018). Climate change issues in BRICS countries. Management and Economics Research Journal 4: 174-183
