Presidents draw their powers from the constitution, political and institutional sources. The three sources of power, the constitutional powers are an arguably the weakest. The Constitutional powers of the president comes from the Constitution. Since they draw their powers and it is clearly stated in the constitution of what the powers of the president should include. It is safe to understand that the president of America is not solely the government of America. The government is a co-operated by the executive, legislature, and the judiciary. The three arms should work together in harmony to formulate the county’s policy. This renders the constitutional powers granted to the president weak. Over the years though, presidents of the twenty-first century have found a way to use their institutional and political sources of power to overcome weakness identified in the use of powers that are granted by the constitutional.
The powers granted to by the constitution to the president may be categorized on which arm of government they fall. In military category, the president is the commander in chief; the president is thus the highest ranking officer in the military. The president controls the military and its establishments. The Congress has a way of limiting the powers of the president in the military category, only the Congress that can declare war. In the Judicial category, the president is allocated some powers by the constitution. The president is granted the power to grant pardons, amnesties, and reprieves. It enables the president to choose freedom or confinement for an individual. In the category of diplomacy, the president is granted powers to receive representatives, high commissioners, presidents and other guests who visit the country. It allows the president to determine whether the country can engage in treaties and other agreements with other countries. The president has powers to appoint high ranking executive officers, it is these powers under the executive that the president has the ability to appoint and dismiss executive officers, the congress though comes into play by approving all appointments made by the president. A state of the Union address is delivered by the president this is these is the power that he possess in the legislative category; he can also veto acts done by the Congress. Congress further adds powers to the president; the delegated powers enable the president to expand the government. Though the presidents have constraints on the powers granted by the constitution, the president remains to the most powerful man politically. The president’s executive powers allow him to perform and deliver foreign policy. (Lowi, Ginsberg, Weir, & Tolbert, 2017)
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Though the weakness present in the powers granted to the president by the constitution, various presidents have had the capacity to use political and institutional resources to counter the limitation in constitutional power. In policymaking processes, the president uses the politically and institutional resources to ensure the policy-making process is completed according to his wish. The presidents of the twentieth century have increased in using office powers by using the parties that affiliated to the president, Influencing and mobilization and administrations. These see the president overcome the limitations that he has while using constitutional powers since a majority of this powers need the Congress approval. The presidents of this century have promoted their office administrative tools and resources in favor of their projects. The presidents have also increased the white house control and use of executive orders have increased by the office of the president. (Rogowski & Reeves, 2016)
The officials and staff who work under the office of the chief executive, which is the president, are the ones who form institutional resources. Any other person cannot duplicate an action performed by the presidents. The president’s cabinet is under him resident and it enables the president to perform actions of developments across the country. The composition of the National Security Council is usually the presidents pick and it is mainly composed of the executive members and other invited guests the president, gives the president powers that cannot be limited by the members of the Congress. Presidents under the twenty-first century have resorted in using the institutional resources to their advantage, the institutional resources over the years have grown in size and complexity they have sort to use their deputies as a way of managing resources after the completion of elections. The president's first lady have also played a major role in overcoming weakness experienced while using constitutional. The president has expanded their power use in their parties because they are the party leaders, popular mobilization, and administration. The party members have aided the president in passing some of the bills that the opposition government does not want to be passed, although the party members have considerable autonomy, most of the time they support and implement want their party leader wants. In recent years, powers of the Congress have been seen to decline while inclining the powers of the president. The Congress has given up powers to the president recent years. The lower voter count in the American voting system has seen the Congress powers reduce the congressional influence and the ability of the Congress to check up on the president’s powers. The presidents have continued to assert the right to govern unilaterally, they have easily overcome the constraints their experience while exercising constitutional, institutional and political powers. (Bruff, 2016)
The United States government expresses a balance of power between the presidency and the Congress. The Congress is the chief legislative body in the country, it has the powers to oversee over financial and budgetary matters, to lay and collect taxes, duties and provide defense and general welfare of the United States. The Congress has powers to approve treaties that have been signed by the president; they have the power to declare war. (Sowers, 2017) The Congress has powers make laws and rules governing land and naval forces, they have powers to admit new states and govern new territories. They have the powers to govern federal property and they have powers to grant copyrights and patents. A balance of power exists between the president and the congress. The president arranges for treaties and while the Congress approves those treaties. The president is the commander in chief of the military and armed forces in the country; it is only the Congress that can declare war. The Congress has the power to formulate laws but it is only the president that can sign them into being laws. The laws, which are later, interpreted and carried out by the executive. The president can propose a new legislation, but the Congress can either amend or block the legislation. Although the president acts as the chief executive, the Congress has the powers to investigate and impeach the president.
In the future, there will be an imbalance of power between the Congress and the presidents. Like I said before the congressional powers have waned in recent years and the powers of the presidency have increased dramatically. The Congress has given up powers to the presidency. The imbalance will mainly be caused by the president’s right to govern unliterary.
References
Bruff, H. (2016). How Presidents Interpret the Constituiton. American Bar Association Journal , 1.
Lowi, T. J., Ginsberg, B., Weir, M., & Tolbert, C. (2017). We The People . Retrieved from Nortion and Company: http://www.wwnorton.com/college/polisci/we-the-people9/full/ch/13/outline.aspx
Rogowski, J. C., & Reeves, A. (2016). Unilateral Powers, Public opinion and the presidency. Journal of politics , 1-30.
Sowers, D. (2017). Explain the powers of Congress and how the balance of power between Congress and the President have shifted over time . Retrieved from padlet: https://padlet.com/dylan_sowers/jx8qass5fy7c
