The environmental population is one issue that has affected the entire world. It is not once or twice that we have heard of the news on the matters of global warming and its related effects. One major contributor to this issue is the environmental population from different sources such as waste release industries, vehicles, and others. One major contributor to pollution and environmental degradation is the land fill which is not well managed. This paper is major on Dewey Loeffel landfill. This site will be discussed in regard to some of the agencies which were involved, its background information as well as the kind of pollutants which are present on the site. Alternatively, the paper wills majors on some of the diseases which are prone and the number of people who were affected as well as the clean up on the site. The USA has seen a massive increase in the waste dump, and landfills are therefore set up to counter this challenge. One such landfill is the Dewy Loeffel. The location of this site is in Rensselaer country, and all the waste from this county is managed by this landfill. The site is located four miles northeast of the particular village in the country known as the Nassau community which is located in the south of the Rensselaer country. This site collects cabbages from millions of households in this country ( Umar et al., 2010). Between the years 1952 to the year 1968, a study that was done on this site revealed that an estimated 46, 000 tons of industrial waste materials which were generated from different districts within this great county are dumped on this site. This fact is even worse currently since on a spurn of six days; a total of one hundred and fifty trucks full of garbage from different districts within the county enter this site and leave. This county has several industries with thousands of workers. This means that most of the waste which is received on this site comes from the industries located in the different districts in this county. The waste, therefore, is inclusive but not limited to industrial solvents, oil waste and other oil-related materials, scrap from industries, solid west, and many others. Another issue with this site is that is one of the powerhouses of the water system within the county ( Draft, P. C. Dewey Loeffel Landfill). The presence of water within this site adds to its danger to the public and the users of such water within the community. On March 10th the years 2011, this site was added to the long list of national priorities list (NPL) of hazardous waste in the United States of America. This means that for quite a long, this site has been a danger to the community and the government needs to prioritize it so that it becomes beneficial to the community as a whole and reduce the danger that it poses to the community. The reaction from users and the community as a whole has been good so far since many investigations as well as clean-up have been initiated to help in making the site more profitable for the community around it. However, for this challenge to be properly put under control, the United States’ waste management must style up and put more effort towards dealing with the issues of waste and the dangers they pose to the community. The waste which is generated within the country still surpasses the effort that the bodies responsible for its management have put in place. For instance, the accumulated waste in the entire country is approximated to be 250 million tons; however, the attitude towards waste collection and management is shallow and does not in any way match the massive tons of waste that are generated within the country. Many organizations have put in the effort to make this site more beneficial for the entire population. Entirely, many organizations which always look to it that there exists clean habit for the whole community is involved in ensuring that this site is clean. In this part of the paper, some of the organizations which mostly are involved directly in the clean-up, investigation, and many other strategies to ensure that the site is well managed and beneficial to the populace are discussed. The first body is the New York States Department of Environmental Conservation which installed a collection system to ensure that the spread of the grounds water contamination plume is put under control. They installed the groundwater extraction system which was completed in the year 1984. This has rendered the earth's water clean and therefore has helped in improving the state of the site. Alternatively, the same body ensured that there was a complete offsite groundwater collection system and they began its installation in the year 1994 by the year 2008, the installation was completed including the installation of the three well for water extractions. The system installed by this body had numerous functions. One of the greatest tasks was to have the water cleaned up and safe for use by the residents. Therefore, the organization has the water treatment plant plan as part of the cleanup plan for the site. Another organization that was involved was the Air and water waste management association abbreviated AWMA. This is a non-partisan organization that ensures that environmentalists around the entire globe are given proper training, networking opportunities, as well as the information they need as they carry on their operations. This organization had a keen interest in dump site landfill management. They wanted to have control over it so that they would make it clean for the resident and more beneficial for the entire country. However, in the year 1970, this organization was denied the chance of doing so and had to abandon its desired plan for the site. Another body that played a key role in this place was the Environmental protection agency abbreviated as the EPA. This body had several plans for the site. First, the EPA had an operating pump and truck system for the site rolled on. The body conducted what is known as the winterization of the water on the ground. This allowed for the system to have the water collection years for the site. This has been beneficial for the entire county. In April the years 2012, the environmental protection agency had an agreement with General Electricity abbreviated GE to take over some significant construction within the site. The chance the EPA delegated to the GE was the pump and the truck operation as well as their constructions within the site. The agreement was that this company has a new pump and truck plant which is capable of treating the groundwater and leachate within the site constructed and in place ready for its primary function. Within the agreement, the body confirmed that the construction of the treatment plant was to begin in year 2013 and completion to be in the year 2013 November. The GE was to take over the pump construction in April the years 2012. Lastly, the building of the plant was to be made in such a way that it eliminates the threat from contaminated groundwater leachate. The aim was to make the site useful for the community who benefited from it as well as the entire country (2017). The EPA had an additional plan for the site. The organization wanted five additional extraction wells constructed near the landfill in the years 2014. The constructed wells had three distinct functions within the site. The first function was to collect additional groundwater for treatment to help the community and to supply to other areas. The second function was that the wells provided a decent place where the groundwater samples were collected for further research and other uses. The last role of the constructed wells was to provide a place where the physical characteristic of the entire site was to be evaluated. This was inclusive but not limited to knowing whether the situation was stable to sustain some plants which had their plans underway. There are many categories of waste and its management. The landfill has the following waste and some of the possible effects that the resident which leave nearby may feel. The first category is municipal waste from different households. The next category is industrial waste. Others are municipal solid waste which is also known as trash garbage; these are inclusive but not limited to household leftovers, commercial institutions entities, red weeping, and many others. Others are the contaminated volatile organic compounds abbreviated as VOCs. Also, presents within the site are the hazardous substances that have seeped up the landfills and have the groundwater contaminated as asserted by Ahmed and Lan (2012). This has posed a danger to the community which relays on the ground's water from this site and has made this place a top priority for many organizations which are concerned. Another category of waste that has been associated with this site is chemical contamination. A good example, in this case, is Polychlorinated biphenyls abbreviated as the PCBs. This chemical is suspected of moving downstream and contaminating sediment and other things within the site. In the lakes and the rivers nearby such as Nassau Lake, this chemical has been suspected to be one of the leading causes of concern over the death of species of fish found in this lake. Altogether, the population which uses this water has many times complained of strategy disease, and this is tied to the pollution from this site. The next chunk of waste which is found within this industry is which is located within sight is industrial waste. This industrial waste is the mostly solid waste from the industries located within the county. The industrial waste report in the US said that every year, there are almost 7.9 billion tons of waste collected within the country. According to the report from the EPA, approximately 17% of this waste is dumped on this site. This has been the reason why the EPA has prioritized this site as one of the top sites which contribute to pollution and need to be put under control. One of the conditions which have been associated with this site is cholera. Almost 3000 people lost their life due to the cholera outbreak in the years 1989 among the resident who lives near the site. Another disease that was reported around the site was yellow fever. This went on for the years 1998. Though there has been no particular site or document from any of the concerned bodies which specifies the number of people affected, the approximate number of people affected is high ( Baader et al., 2013). Alternatively, there are some other water bone diseases that have been found in other water sources which are close to this site due to the chemicals which seep on these water sources. This site has been a top priority due to its potential danger to the population. Therefore, many bodies have ganged up to see the cleansing of the site and render it safe for use. The cleanup methods which are included within the site are the removal action and the corrective measures. The removal action is applied to handle the emergency oil spillages or chemicals that are released within the site. Emergency actions are often taken to ensure that in case of oil spills or chemical relies on; there are measures taken to ensure that risks are eliminated. The next one is the remedial actions. This is used to handle complex site which needs a response that runs for an extended period. The Superfund program has been used on this site to help in cleaning up the site ( Alghni, 2010). Others are the construction of wells to monitor underground water, the construction of water treatment plants, and others. The first study done on the location was the remedial investigation or the feasibility study. This was the study that aimed at long-term clean-up of the site. This study was done to determine the nature of the contamination of the people, evaluate options and identify the potential threats the site poses for the people who live around the place. Another study that was done on people's behavior around the location stated that 90% of people carelessly dump garbage on the site. This was later banned.
References
Ahmed, F. N., & Lan, C. Q. (2012). Treatment of landfill leachate using membrane bioreactors: A review. Desalination , 287 , 41-54.
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Alghni, R. S. (2010). Methane Gas: A Renewable Energy Source. Routledge .
Baader, M., Götte, P., & Groppe, C. (Eds.). (2013). Familientraditionen und Familienkulturen: theoretische Konzeptionen, historische und aktuelle Analysen . Springer-Verlag.
Draft, P. C. Dewey Loeffel Landfill. (2017). Retrieved 25 August 2017, from https://semspub.epa.gov/work/02/396179.pdf
Umar, M., Aziz, H. A., & Yusoff, M. S. (2010). Trends in the use of Fenton, electro-Fenton and photo-Fenton for the treatment of landfill leachate. Waste Management , 30 (11), 2113-2121.
