Adlerian vs. Existentialism
Alcoholism is a condition that affects many people in the society; men being in the majority. Sometimes the impact is too severe that it hinders productivity and even interferes with relationships at a personal and social level. When this happens, it may be wise to hire the services of a competent psychologist. The health expert is likely to use the Adlerian approach and the existentialism to solve this psychological issue. The scenario below discusses how either techniques can be used to solve alcoholism in the society.
According to the Adlerian theory, a person can only be understood as an integrated and complete being. Therefore, the best approach when dealing with a client would be to form a relationship that is based on mutual respect. The counsellor will then help the client to identify, explore and disclose any mistaken goals within the clients’ lifestyle. The approach is based on a broad growth model as opposed to viewing clients as sick. The main technique is to encourage the alcoholics out of their behavior by providing information, teachings and guidance. This will finally end in helping the client make new choices (Watkin, 1984) .
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Existentialism theory works on the principle belief that our human nature is to continually recreate ourselves through projects. It works on the principle that humans are on a constant state of change. Being an individual therefore entails making sense of who we are. Using this theory, clients are invited during the therapy session to recognize ways in which they are not living fully authentic lives. A client is also pushed to make a choice that will make them authentic and help them know when they are deceiving themselves. Patients are helped to face and deal with anxiety in order to find a worthy existence. Both techniques can help clients beat alcoholism. Adlerian theory is based on encouragement while the existentialism, is based on self-challenge. The counsellor will decide what works best (Capuzzi & Stauffer, 2016) .
Person-Centered vs. Gestalt(Gloria’s videos)
From the two films on a client by the name Gloria, two approaches were used in counselling her. The first was person centered by Carl Rogers and the second one was Gestalt by Fritz Perls. Form the interesting videos we can see theoretical perspectives being practiced.
Usually, it is difficult for a client to trust a counsellor during their first session because most people attending counselling sessions due to many let downs; trust has to be built with time. Using the personal centered approach forces the counsellor to be an active listener, accurate with responses, reflect feelings and empathize with the client as a way of building the much-needed trust. These traits show the client that the counsellor is interested in their problem and can relate with their emotions and feelings (Mearns & McLeod, 2013) .
The client feels comfortable to share their deep feelings once trust has been gained. Counselling genuineness and authenticity are strengthened through such sessions. From the clip, Gloria open up to Rodgers to the point of wishing he was her father; this happens because of the deep connection created between the counsellor and the client. When the session ended, Gloria was no longer in need of the help she had come to see. The trust made her open up to Rodgers who encouraged her to find answers herself. Personal centered approach focuses on the client with a focus on unconditional positive regard, genuine and empathy.
On the other hand , Gestalt theory is based on the fact that a person can only be understood once his or her contexts are understood. This means that objectivity is difficult to reach since it is affected by individual contexts. It is a theory that recognizes the use of force to change paradox results in distress and destruction. The emphasis is on gaining awareness of the present moment and present context. The therapy session helps people discover feelings that have been masked by other feelings hence learn to accept trust. The approach is creative as no specific guidelines are followed (Perls & Goodman, 1951) .
References
Capuzzi, & Stauffer. (2016). Counseling and Psychotherapy. Theories and Interventions .
Mearns, T., & McLeod. (2013). Person-centred counselling in action. Sage .
Perls, H., & Goodman. (1951). Gestalt therapy. New York.
Watkin. (1984). The individual psychology of Alfred Adler:. Toward an Adlerian vocational theory. Journal of Vocational Behavior , 28-47.
