The Future of War: Final

Introduction 

The United States is considered the most powerful nation globally in terms of democracy and freedom, universal values, prosperity, and champions global peacekeeping efforts. For all these functions to be achieved, establishing a National Security Strategy (NSS) is necessary. However, the challenge of formulating an effective NSS lies in connecting the forces of global integration for the benefit of peaceful coexistence among its citizens within its boundaries and beyond (Mukhammadsidiqov & Turaev, 2020). Subsequently, the integrated forces will help build new connections between people and nations, tapping into the global human potential and creating a brighter future for the coming generations. In capturing these opportunities and ensuring that the United States moves against its national security threats, national security agencies need to formulate domestic policies that will result in an effective NSS. The objective of the NSS is to promote democracy globally, enhance effective security, and bolster the United States' economic prosperity. This paper seeks to deliver an effective and efficient NSS to the national security advisory committee, the administration, and the national security agency will apply in 2030, and a memo to justify the use of the draft. 

The NSS will defend the American citizens' constitutional rights by ensuring maximum security and peaceful coexistence between the U.S and other countries. The policy will also have goals such as having a stable structure of national security that will assign leadership at the national level. It will also seek to address the core elements essential in ensuring a stable economy and peaceful coexistence among individuals. The strategy will provide a way forward in assessing the state of security and identifying the significant risks and threats to national security. The NSS will be a vital framework for the U. S to meet the American citizens' elementary needs and security apprehensions and address internal and external threats to the nation. 

Memo 

To: U.S National Security Advisor 

From: Student’s Name 

Cc 

Subject: National Security Strategy in the Year 2030 

Key Issues 

The NSS will address vital issues that touch on human security, human rights, oversight and accountability, justice, monitoring, and coordination. 

Human Security 

Human security is described as a holistic concept that encompasses good governance, rights, and freedom of individuals, access to healthcare, and education. These issues are essential in ensuring that each individual has choices and opportunities to fulfill their full potential. Assimilating a human security tactic in the NSS will help identify and address various cross-cutting challenges and hinder them from spiraling into conflict (Płonka, 2018). When human conflict arises, they tend to compromise the national security of a nation. 

Some of the preferences that will augment the issue of human security in the NSS entail considering the leading causes of American citizen insecurity. This will aid in developing effective approaches that will help achieve the objectives and goals of the NSS. It will be essential to endorse a multi-stakeholder association by encompassing various human rights groups and civil society in general. This will aid in the definition and implementation of the NSS through wide public involvements and proposals made from the various groups representing different sectors of society, such as those that champion women, children, and people living with disabilities. 

Human Rights 

When formulating an NSS, human rights are at the center of security and safety at the community, individual and national levels. A strong human rights tactic must provide a framework that builds on healthy partnerships within society and progress their pliability in aiding to report on the central security issues. Some of the options to augment the issue of human rights include an explicit reference in the NSS to strengthen the obligation to human rights in the constitution and uphold a human right focus within the formulation and implementation of the strategy. The national security agency should also emphasize highlighting a nation mechanism that will preserve global human rights norms and the various civil rights. It will be essential to provide a commitment that will eliminate all the possibilities of human rights violations within the security sector and offer viable justice and security services. The human rights and freedom concerns of each American citizen will be of importance in the NSS. 

Oversight and Accountability 

The democratic and independent oversight by the national advisory committee to the NSS is a legal and global norm that results in accountability. This encompasses launching strong checks and balances that will preserve and uphold transparency and accountability principles. Additionally, the principles will seek to ensure that various stakeholders are working sufficiently regarding the policy and legal framework. According to Milliman and Landon-Murray (2020), a robust emphasis on accountability and oversight adds value by contributing to the ownership and legitimacy of an effective NSS. When the national advisory committee governs the process of formulating and implementing the NSS, the maximum utilization of resources will arise, strengthening the integrity of the security institutions. 

The national security agency will achieve the NSS options by creating more emphasis on oversight and accountability. This will be achieved by integrating the responsibilities of the upper and lower houses of the legislature and other independent state oversight institutions. This will also include setting up various measures to protect the oversight committees from any adverse political influence. The political class has been known to influence various government strategies, such as the NSS. For this to be accomplished, there should be adequate allocation of the necessary human and financial resources. Additionally, to augment the focus on accountability and oversight, an outline of the definite roles for civil society and other non-governmental accountability mechanisms should be detailed. This will allow them to effectively implement measures that will result in the accountability and oversight of the security measures and policies. It will also facilitate protection from undue threats and influences. 

Justice 

Adhering to the justice system measures is vital in the chain of criminal justice and directly contributes to solidifying the general public safety and order. Any delay of justice culminates in the denial of justice. The contribution of justice to the NSS goes way beyond order and safety. The justice system backs the objective of maintaining a peaceful external and internal setting with which the goal is to develop a framework that results in managing conflict. The effective application of justice aids in providing a legal framework that leads to national strategic guidance in establishing human rights compliants. This creates a liable security system that will convey timely services to both the state and citizens. 

The options available to ensure that justice plays a role in the formulation and implementation of the NSS include incorporating justice institutions in developing the most appropriate strategy. Additionally, there is the urge to link justice to the various involvements of the national advisory committee. Subsequently, it is essential to explicitly recognize the relevance of justice systems to the various national security policies that exist. Justice should be followed by everybody regardless of their political, economic, or social class (Bossong & Hegemann, 2018). Additionally, stressing the significance of the governmental and non-governmental dispute resolution framework will permit elevated access to justice procedures. It will aid in developing a focus on the various judicial undertakings and the legislation that ensure consistency in the provision of justice by the U.S to its citizens. 

Monitoring 

The national committee on security must set up a clear and precise monitoring function for the NSS. This will be a vital step in the successful formulation and implementation of the strategy. Effective monitoring procedures ensure that minimal errors are made when coming up with the NSS rules and regulations. The factors that will enhance effective monitoring of the NSS comprise the urge to emphasize the benefits of monitoring the process of formulating the NSS. It also necessitates providing an outline of the mechanisms to be used and incorporating members who will ensure timely and effective monitoring procedures. The committee should also highlight the requirement for periodic reviews of the NSS. Also, much emphasis should be given to the role of legislative bodies, for instance, parliament. The national advisory committee should also have the decree of developing an official monitoring role in particular to civil society and marginalized groups. 

Coordination 

The NSS will achieve its goal if only the security mechanisms are achieved by coordinating multiple agencies and institutions working together as a team to deliver the key functions. Poor coordination between the security institutions and agencies will result in ineffectiveness and inefficiency of the NSS processes and procedures. Most strategies fail due to a lack of effective coordination and sharing of ideas. With effective coordination mechanisms, there is a likelihood of coming up with desirable and informed decisions for the NSS. To augment coordination as a key issue for the NSS, the committee on security matters must refer to a collaborative budget process. It should also detail all the specific national security coordination frameworks, which entail incorporating all the lead agencies for the diverse elements of the approach. There should also be an urge to inform all the various stakeholders of the importance of effective coordination in establishing a well-outlined protocol. This results in effective communication among the members involved in the formulation of the NSS. Effective communications will offer a response to those referred on how their assessments were taken into account. 

Core elements 

The NSS tends to vary in the scope of format, complexity, length, and weight. With the U.S NSS, certain core elements will have to be considered, including endorsement, forecasting future challenges, an overview of resources, the strategic vision, national interests, and risk assessments. 

Endorsement 

For the NSS to possess the gravitas essential of its formulation and implementation, it must have explicit endorsement from a high-ranking government, preferably the President of the U.S. The NSS legitimacy emanates from the president, who has traditionally asserted an introductory mail that serves as the manuscript's official frontispiece (Cutler, 2017). The president will work together with the national advisory committee on security in ensuring that the NSS provides guidelines to security approaches by the year 2030. 

The president's undeviating contribution also denotes their enduring intent to champion for and facilitate the appropriate number of resources to guarantee the execution of the NSS. It gives their unwavering assurance in pegging integrity and accountability from the topmost level of government. When reflected upon within the whole array of the formulation of national strategies such as the NSS, the rules and regulations of the U.S policy depict that the president's signature and public endorsements are of importance, and those that lack makes no sense to the U.S. Consequently, the Presidential endorsement advances the United States NSS with the indispensable legality for it to be considered proper management for the rest of the administration. 

Forecasting Future Challenges 

It is important to consider, identify, and assess future challenges associated with the NSS, which will be used towards 2030. The pre-existing security concerns will change over time due to the trends in globalization. The national advisory committee on security should focus on key issues in existence and those anticipated in the future. Extensive research should be undertaken to predict reasonable and accurate predictive assessments comprising the significant security issues within a short period, usually one year or less. The short duration is essential as it will render prediction of an unfeasible tactic to apply in the NSS. Forecasting the long-term future with an eloquent degree of meticulousness is quite unmanageable, and endeavoring to do so is an imprudent waste of resources. 

Future challenges can be predicted with the consideration of current challenges. The committee on national security should consider contemporary challenges such as terrorism, cyber threat, national intelligence, and the continued use of massive weapons of mass destruction (Okoro & Oluka, 2019). By lowering the threat of such factors, the year 2030 will be met by desirable measures that will have the ability to counter-attack such challenges. Prioritizing the progression of foresight capabilities, it is essential to have centralized capabilities for the entire security agencies that will have a proactive consideration of identifying and assessing future challenges that will hinder the effectiveness of the NSS. 

Overview of Resources 

The necessary resources to be incorporated should be detailed to ensure that the NSS is a success. However, the resources should not define the NSS because an effective strategy is tied to and detailed by already existing multiple resources. The resources should be readily accessible and a reaffirmation given for the success of the entire planning process of the NSS. Additionally, it is obligatory to mind that the NSS can be computed using various ways. The resources or means might and tend to vary over a period or also not change. Changes in resources should not automatically result in the changes of the theoretical framework, but there should be an alternative plan of action that will ensure the implementation of the NSS. There are several latent approaches for accomplishing the NSS goal. It is significant to comprehend that resources can comprise everything from associations to definite capabilities. 

The Strategic Vision 

Declaring a strategic vision for the NSS is important as it gives a concise overview of the overall effect the administration tends to focus on and achieve with the NSS. To work without a vision might lead to strange endings which will not have accomplished the set targets. Some of the previous U.S NSS have alluded to a strategic vision that significantly details its purpose. An example is that of the renowned President Bill Clinton. According to Boys (2018), the 1994 NSS has commonly had a strategic vision titled "A National Security Strategy of Engagement and Enlargement." Additionally, the Obama administration had much emphasis on the imperative and continued American leadership across the world. President Obama provided a strategic vision of the NSS that allowed from the enunciation of a limited set of goals that will forever be remembered in capturing and executing Osama Bin Laden, one of the world's wanted terrorists. 

National Interests 

There should be a clear articulation of the national interests at hand when developing an effective NSS. In the grading of NSS elements ranging from broad to more exact, national interests tend to lie underneath nationwide values and overhead the state security goals. National interests are precise concepts that grow from and back the broad conceptions enclosed in the various national values (Smoot, 2017). They are then deciphered into a determinate measure of goals that can rationally be achieved within a confident time duration. However, national values might linger generally stagnant. Still, the national interests might vary from one government to another, founded on the internal political significances and incipient matters across the United States and the world in general. The political deadlock within a certain administration or the existence of a weak president might make it difficult for the existing government to enter an agreement on a clear set of national interests or laying out the desired NSS. It is important to lay down the national interests that will ensure the effective formulation of a national strategy beyond 2030. 

Risk Assessment 

An NSS does not have to identify every risk that might face a country over a long period, maybe by 2030. Arguably, an NSS that tends to dilute its own meaning by changing the approach into focusing on the risks culminates into affecting the action plan. For any NSS to offer appropriate guidance to the governing administration, it should prioritize the risks based on the likelihood and severity of its influence on the various national interests. However, catastrophic risks, such as natural events, should be considered to avoid any uncertainties. 

A good risk assessment takes into consideration the various conflated vulnerability and threat assessments. Subsequently, threats can be mistaken for threats, but in intelligence collection, the two are different and are recognized differently. According to Wieczorek-Kosmala et al. (2018), a threat is an instance that one is trying to protect against, while the risk is the potential damage or loss or the destruction of an asset due to the threat of exploiting its vulnerability. Additionally, the intelligence tradecraft encompasses well-developed threat valuation competencies, which tally the particular weaknesses of physical development, administrations, and individuals but does not necessarily focus on the risks. An effective or precise risk assessment considers the national interests and the negative or positive effects of an activity to create a highlighted strategy. 

U.S leaders need to comprehend that not all risks and threats are depraved and that not all risks must be alleviated. Instead, the useful tactic for risk is control and management, and not necessarily mitigation. It is, at times, the most suitable tactic to dealing with a specific risk. This will be to admit it instead of spending more resources or trying to minimize or avoid it. Subsequently, the notion of risk control and management permits alternative choices and preferences, therefore, providing nations with desirable flexibility. Threat assessment tends to become the administration authoritative and the mere empathy of a risk that necessitates its vindication. However, risk assessment remains essential in the formulation and implementation of an effective NSS that will serve the U.S beyond 2030. 

Conclusion 

Developing an effective NSS for the U.S is essential as it is considered the world's leading nation in maintaining global peace and security. The objective of the NSS is to enhance democracy abroad, augment national security and bolster U.S economic prosperity. Tasked with developing an introduction to the NSS, a table of content, and a memo to the National Security Advisory Committee, the paper covered all the necessary content that had been requested. The key issues to be considered in implementing the NSS included human security, human rights, oversight and accountability, justice, monitoring, and coordination. Additionally, the core elements to be focused upon were endorsement, forecasting future challenges, an overview of resources, the strategic vision, national interests, and risk assessments. The NSS will be essential in creating a national security framework that will see the United States towards 2030. It is also essential to engage the right people on board when coming up with the strategy and ensure maximum resource utilization. 

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