Leadership has many forms in society both in the past and present. Totalitarianism is an example of leadership that was prevalent in the 20 th century and involved the tyrannical rule applied by different regimes. Aristotle perceives totalitarianism as a type of leadership that entails the application of violence to manage and control the subjects of a particular country ( Magstadt, 2017) . "Ideal citizen," consequences of voter apathy and the ways the state controls the citizen are some of the issues witnessed in tyrannical regimes such as the Nazis, led by Adolf Hitler.
Propaganda is the way in which the state controls its citizens in a totalitarian regime. Hitler, being a tyrannical leader believed that peddling lies to the citizens in his favor would contribute to citizen’s loyalty to his ideologies. Propaganda was a potent political weapon in this regime ( Magstadt, 2017) . Sugarcoating the Nazi regime as a perfect ruling system that cared for the plights of the Germans led to an increase in the number of Nazis . The application of propaganda led to violence, kidnapping and intimidation. These factors contribute to the control of citizens to heed to the tyrannical rules and demands of a dictatorial government. The Nazis peddled lies that the state was weak and needed help from the regime due to the lost battle. Such deceit led to the support and adherence to the Nazi regime.
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Voter apathy was a prevalent factor during the Nazi regime under Hitler. The application of propaganda to convince voters against taking part in the electoral process led to the rise of anti-Semitic propaganda that sidelined the Jewish voters (Maja et al., 2013). It presented a method used by the tyrannical government to exclude a certain group of people that are of divergent option to the ruling party or the regime party. A democratic nation chooses leaders who value the plights of its subjects. Although the Nazi regime valued the troubles of the citizens, the wrong approach of convincing people to avoid taking part in the voting process led to the fall of Germany and violence that only affected people negatively. Hitler aimed to take control of Germany. After being appointed as a chancellor, he continued with controlling the loyalist through propaganda (Maja et al., 2013). Such an aspect shows the impact of avoidance of taking part in the voting process due to propaganda peddled by the Nazi regime.
Ideal Citizens is the individual fulfillment of the role of a citizen. Hitler believed that economic labor was a factor that weakened a state. He perceived the German government as a regime that lacked ideal citizens since they did not believe in the political ideologies by the economic aspect part of the ruling. Ideal citizens should be honest and loyal to the regime. Through propaganda, death and intimidations, Hitler garnered over eight million people whom he termed as ideal citizens (Voigtl änder & Voth, 2015) . The notion is wrong since it leads to a lack of freedom and decision making by the subjects. Hitler further believed that there were three aspects of education that leads to loyalty. The first is those who believe all they read, the second is those who believe nothing they read and finally, those who reason, test, and think.
Totalitarianism is, therefore, a vital component in politics since it defines the different ideologies and perceptions of society. Adolf Hitler's regime controls the state, involved in voter apathy and acted as a perfect citizen to gain the loyalty of the followers. Hitler also applied such factors to control his followers and realize the rise and success of his party, the National Socialist Party. His actions summarize a totalitarian regime.
References
Magstadt, T. M. (2017). Understanding Politics: Ideas, institutions, and issues. Australia: Cengage Learning.) http://93.174.95.29/_ads/05FCECC6ABE64ABE206580313BCA2152 Understanding Politics: Ideas, Institutions, and Issues 12th Edition
Maja A., Ruben E., Maria, P., Veronica, S. & Ekaterina Z. (2013). Radio and the Rise of the Nazis in Prewar Germany. Ffhalshs-00858992f
Voigtl ä nder, N., & Voth, H. (2015). Nazi indoctrination and anti-Semitic beliefs in Germany . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 112 (26), 7931-7936. doi:10.1073/pnas.1414822112
Learning Politics
The development of political identity has an implication on the childhood and future political culture of a child. External and internal environments affect the political uniqueness of a child. As a child, my father exposed me to political news and discussion contributing to the knowledge about the political environment in society. Direct exposure to political environments and conflicts that arises due to differences in ideology leads to the idea that politics leads to seclusion and oppression in society (Humphries, Muller & Schiller, 2013) . As an individual, growing up in a tensed political environment where ambitious politicians always campaign and hold on to power regardless of the citizens’ preferences contributed to an understanding that politics is an immoral endeavor. My family acted as a platform for my social attitude during my tender ages. My dad’s political ideologies and actions contributed to my perception of politics.
Class is a determinant of political perceptions. Middle-class people relate highly to politics as opposed to the low-class cohort in a country (Magstadt, 2017). As a unit , hailing from a middle-class environment, our family is so much dependent on politics that civic education has been a lesson in my household. I have grown up knowing that women cannot successfully hold a political seat due to the mentality I obtained in our neighborhood. The prevalence of gender imparity in politics and the impression my father showed me about women and power are the determinants of such a mentality. I have been growing up knowing that politics leads to moral decadence but it also forms an aspect of our livelihood and existence in the society. Through civic education, news and political discussion by father, colleagues and other people around my neighborhood, I have noticed that politics is a component o f existence that people cannot abandon regardless of its effects in society.
References
Humphries, M., Muller, C., & Schiller, K. S. (2013). T he Political Socialization of Adolescent Children of Immigrants . Social Science Quarterly , 94 (5), 1261-1282. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12025
Magstadt, T. M. (2017). Understanding Politics: Ideas, institutions, and issues. Australia: Cengage Learning.) http://93.174.95.29/_ads/05FCECC6ABE64ABE206580313BCA2152 Understanding Politics: Ideas, Institutions, and Issues 12th Edition
Presidential Advisor
The United States of America is one of the largest spenders in the military sector Magstadt, 2017). It is better to reduce the expenses to a reasonable amount to reduce military spending and channel the amount to some other avenues such as health. A country that mainly concentrates on its security signifies a dictatorial regime. I would also reduce the amount spent on imprisonment by creating different methods of prevention of crime such as medical care eligibility to reduce frustrations of lack of access to medications that might lead to crimes. Emphasizing gun policies is also another method I would use to reduce the spending in the country. The directive and proposal will go directly to the president to support the policy. Perfect gun policies will lead to reduced crimes that arise due to violence in the form of mass shootings and robberies. America as a country spends a lot on foreign aids. Reducing the aid to conform to the global aid program will aid in the reduction of spending by the federal government.
The federal government has a high budget deficit. The 2010 budget revealed the reduced budget tax. The cut in the budget for people earning below 250, 000 would reduce the amount spent on foreign and domestic workers. It will further lead to the extra amount of money on expenses such as medical examinations . The process leads to equality in expenses in the item if the budget. I will also advise the president to form a team that would create a fair distribution in the budgeting aspect of America. I would also advise the government to add the tax on emissions. Carbon emission is an example of an issue that contributes to unnecessary spending in projects that reduce global warming (Henretig, et al., 2018). A polluted society contributes to the prevalence of diseases that requires a lot of funds to prevent. Increasing taxes on emission will, therefore, lead to savings. Raising the tax on foreign goods will also aid in the savings to the country.
References
Henretig, F. M., M.D., Calello, D. P., M.D., Burns, Michele M, M.D., M.P.H., O'Donnell, K. A., MD, & Osterhoudt, Kevin C, M.D., M.S. (2018). Predictable, preventable, and deadly: Epidemic carbon monoxide poisoning after storms . American Journal of Public Health, 108 (10), 1320-1321. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304619
Magstadt, T. M. (2017). Understanding Politics: Ideas, institutions, and issues . Australia: Cengage Learning.) http://93.174.95.29/_ads/05FCECC6ABE64ABE206580313BCA2152 Understanding Politics: Ideas, Institutions, and Issues 12th Edition
Liberal and conservative’s approach to the development of U.S budget
The constant changes in economic policies disrupt the free markets and lead to instability. The imposition of minimum wages and an increase in the homeownership by the government leads to a negative effect on the budgeting as realized by conservatives ( Magstadt, 2017) . Minimum wages and an increase in the homeownership lead to temporary benefits. Conservatives will, therefore, approach the U.S budget by discouraging the homeownership expenses but building affordable houses that can lead to the permanent solution to housing issues and generates revenues that can be included in the budgeting procedure. Liberals believe that private investors are the problem in the American economy. They will, therefore, propose the allocation of a small amount of money to private development and sectors to reduce the cost of government bailouts and stabilizations of the failed economy brought about by private sectors. The liberal and the conservatives would propose the cuts in the budget to satisfy their ideologies on matters of inflation.
Conservatives further believe that too much money in circulation in the market leads to inflation. Liberals, on the other hand, refute this claim. They perceive overproduction as a factor that causes inflation. Liberals propose the reduction of funds in the market and industries to decrease the number of goods produced by these companies. The process will act as a form of regulation of the flow of goods in the market (Tuxhorn, D'Attoma, & Steinmo, 2019) . Conservatives, on the other hand, will propose that the government budget should concentrate on goods rather than the allocation of more funds to the manufacturers. Both the liberals and the conservatives would advise the government to introduce tax benefits to the U.S citizens since every developed country depends on the tax cuts and tax imposed on the citizens for developmental purposes. Since all these groups of people support the positive development in America, their concentration in the tax burdens would be the best approach.
References
Magstadt, T. M. (2017). Understanding Politics: Ideas, institutions, and issues . Australia: Cengage Learning.) http://93.174.95.29/_ads/05FCECC6ABE64ABE206580313BCA2152 Understanding Politics: Ideas, Institutions, and Issues 12th Edition
Tuxhorn, K., D'Attoma, J. W., & Steinmo, S. (2019). Trust in institutions: Narrowing the ideological gap over the federal budget . Journal of Behavioral Public Administration , 2 (1). doi:10.30636/jbpa.21.47
Our Global Neighborhood
United Nations is an international body whose mission is to maintain international peace and security. It came into being after the Second World War. It has many functions that aim at promoting global peace and health. Climate change is a phenomenon that leads to various disasters around the world. The United Nations creates awareness on the need for control of carbon emissions and funds projects that contribute to the prevention of emission (Boon, 2016). The international body further, fights for the protection of human rights through taking part in humanitarian aid involving refugees and poverty-stricken societies since human beings have rights to basic commodities, the United Nations makes sure there is access to basic needs more so in the developing countries. The body further certain there is gender equality in the 193 global nations it presents. It creates awareness on gender inequality issues and funds the girl child education in patriarchal societies.
The United Nations discourages the application of state sovereignty to prevent them from protecting the rights of the citizens from the member countries. The international body further encourages the states to stop dwelling on the geo-political rivalries and focus majorly on principles enshrined on the charter. The body, therefore, applies codes and policies set and agreed upon by the 193 member states to discourage the ultimate power that the developing and the developed countries might use as their advantage in the process of enforcing activities and functions of this noble body. The international body has sovereignty as the power that enables it to help the member countries without fear or favor (Magstadt, 2017) . However, the body applies this ultimate power for the benefits of its members. They negotiate on behalf of members due to the laws that arise from the application of sovereignty. It, therefore, handles the state sovereignty depending on the stipulations on the charter.
References
Boon, K. E. (2016). The united nations as Good Samaritan: Immunity and responsibility . Chicago Journal of International Law , 16 (2), 341-385. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1757266883?accountid=45049
Magstadt, T. M. (2017). Understanding Politics: Ideas, institutions, and Issues . Australia: Cengage Learning.) http://93.174.95.29/_ads/05FCECC6ABE64ABE206580313BCA2152 Understanding Politics: Ideas, Institutions, and Issues 12th Edition
