1. Industrial psychology with behavior in work stations. Industrial psychologists employ various employment settings, including colleges, industry, consulting firms, universities, and the government.
2. The main question at the heart of industrial psychology is decision making. It also addresses how team members have to collaborate and interact. It looks into the effectiveness of communication. How does the human brain function? Is there a similarity between work and job satisfaction? Are they the same concepts? How does the quality of the supervisor-employee relationship influence the evaluation of employees? What features should a good leader have? Differentiate between job-enlargement and job-enrichment? What are the various types of leadership? Differentiate between transformational and transactional leaders. What is the meaning of performance appraisal? Explain the different leadership theories, such as situational theory, trait theories, and behavioral theory. What is stress? What is job analysis?
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3. The most crucial information in industrial psychology is organizational-industrial psychologists' utilization of research methods and principles. The principles are for improving life quality and solve workplace problems. Data analysis plays a significant role in the research process of organizational and industrial psychology. This research aims to find a predictor variable that predicts another one within the statistical analysis. The outcome variable is the one whose value depends on a given predictor variable. For instance, when an employer offers surveys to employees, the survey asks employees to rate their job satisfaction level as high, medium, or low. A business manager in this survey whether job satisfaction relates to the age of an employee. In such a case, the predictor variable is the employee's age, and the outcome variable is job satisfaction. The measurement of all variables is measured on a continuous scale and measures the discrete characteristics or categorical characteristics. For the above example, the categorical variable is job satisfaction, while age is the constant variable.
4. The main concepts that we have to understand in industrial psychology are motivation factors in the workplace. Motivation can be internally caused or externally caused and determine individual employees' drives—the motivation impacts on work behavior and intensity of their commitment to work. In industrial psychology, the main focus and duty are to understand what motivates an organization's employees. Through this concept, an industrial psychologist knows that companies must structure and understand the work environment to encourage behaviors leading to productivity and discouraging unproductive behaviors. Gelfand et al. (2017) point out that these actions are necessary given that work motivations have a role in influencing the workplace's performance and behavior.
5. The main inferences in industrial psychology are that industrial psychology applies the psychology technique to industrial situations and the challenges that come with it. Industrial psychology modifies and formulates procedures to meet the business setting conditions and not in the laboratory. The extension and application of psychological principles to the problems relating to human beings operating within the industry and business context are the main inferences of this field ( Coetzee, 2019 ).
6. The central assumption underlying industrial psychology is that "thinking knows their role in a company" ( Carpintero, 2017). An industrial psychologist is a job similar to human resources. The differences in that an industrial psychologist has to build relationships with people at all levels within the company. That means that it is impossible to do an industrial psychology job without connecting with others. On the other hand, the HR personnel does not need to interact to carry out their job. Before attending this class, I had no idea of what industrial psychology was all about. My main point is that there is no need for an industrial psychologist to feel that they have to educate or defend people on matters relating to their job. Those who are unaware of this field will assume that this field is just the same as human resources. It is crucial for an industrial psychologist always to keep their eyes open and updated on new research.
7. The main point of view that industrial psychology presents is that an industrial psychologist is responsible for carrying out various tasks. These tasks include; examining and analyzing workers' behavior and attitudes, conducting training on leadership, evaluating the company's performance, and assessing worker motivation, among other duties. The overall aim of this field is to understand and study human behavior within the workplace. Many industrial psychologists work in one of the following six significant areas: ergonomics, employee selection, work-life and organizational development, performance management, and training and development.
8a. If we accept what the industrial psychologists inform us, there will be some positive implications. First, there will be dissatisfaction of employees in the workplace. Industrial psychologists will analyze workers' behavior and thoughts to ensure that they are satisfied with the work situation. The implication of this is that there will be less employee turnover in various companies or career fields. The companies will enjoy an all high time tenure. Employees will also receive better training to improve their skills. Through the contributions of an industrial psychologist, employers will understand the importance of motivation in the workplace.
8b. if we accept what the industrial psychologists are telling us, there will be some negative implications. The companies will experience high turnover rates. Due to this challenge, the companies may end up bankrupt because of imperfect employee tenure. Furthermore, supervisors may not acknowledge the importance of work motivation. They may also not know the importance of appreciating employees. Also, companies will experience work-related accidents that could lead to laws suits. Therefore, both employers and employees must understand the importance of workplace safety since it has close ties to job security.
References
Carpintero, H. (2017). History of organizational psychology. In Oxford Research Encyclopaedia of Psychology
Coetzee, M. (2019). SA Journal of Industrial Psychology: Annual editorial overview of 2019. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology , 45 (1), 1-6.
Gelfand, M. J., Aycan, Z., Erez, M., & Leung, K. (2017). Cross-cultural industrial-organizational psychology and organizational behavior: A hundred-year journey. Journal of Applied Psychology , 102 (3), 514.
