For the previous three decades, the subject of depression has been spotlighted in diverse public discourses as among the leading behavioural disorders among the youths and adults. As a consequence, a massive number of researchers have conducted studies with the aim of trying to ascertain and establish the common causes and treatment of depression. The expert’s view in one of the studies conducted in the Journal of Public Health is in a coherent summary in this paper. To harp on it, the significance of their perspective as it relates to the treatment of depression.
Nature versus nurture
According to (Bembnowska and Ochojska, 2015), the first perspective is that genetic predisposition can be a determining factor as far as depression is concerned. For instance, a mother’s anxieties and depression during pregnancy periods can be inherited and can consequently cause depressive disorders in the infant. Furthermore, some studies have established that depression can be related to genes inhabiting a fixed location on the chromosome . The second perspective adopted is the biological dimension, in particular, the degree of neurotransmission in the brain entailing substances such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine as well as the cerebral development element. Low production of such neurotransmitters can consequently cause episodes of depression. In fact, an experiment conducted in Italy at the University of Pisa verified that serotonin deficiency played a pivotal role in the occurrence of depression. The third perspective adopted is the social and lifestyle factors, which can encompass traumatic experiences, family problems, being overwhelmed by duties, addiction to stress. For instance, in a scenario wherein a family, there are happenings of domestic violence, or divorce, consequently, children have a high chance of becoming depressed. Last but not least, sociocultural factors also were ascertained as one of the factors causing depression. For instance, individuals from relatively low socio-economic background have a high likelihood of becoming depressed at some point in their lives (Bembnowska and Ochojska, 2015).
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Treatment
The significance of this study is that it unpacks the distinct factors that either directly or indirectly cause depression as depression is a multifactorial phenomenon which requires a careful examination of the root causes before suggesting treatment. For instance, before proposing treatment to a depressed person, it is paramount that one should investigate whether the root causes are emanating from the family, lifestyle, socio-cultural, biological or genetic. By doing so, a holistic treatment can be adopted aimed at eliminating or managing the root causes. The advantage of the perspective given is that it guides an individual on the specific factors that they should pinpoint as they try to substantiate the root cause of depression (Bembnowska and Ochojska, 2015).
Conclusion
To sum up, it is evident beyond any shadow of doubt that depression is a multifactorial phenomenon, in the sense that there is no single cause to depression; instead, there are many factors leading to depression. These factors may range from genetic predisposition, biological make-up, lifestyle, family influence to socio-cultural factors. As such, these perspectives act as a compass when individuals are trying to substantiate the root causes of depression so that a holistic treatment can be given.
Reference
Bembnowska, M., and Ochojska, J., 2015. What Causes Depression on Adults. Journal of Public Health. (125),116-120. Retrieved on 31st November 2018, From, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282841619_What_causes_depression_in_adults
